农村留守初中生自尊与自杀意念的关系——领悟社会支持的中介作用和性别的调节作用

Relationship between Self-esteem and Suicidal Ideation of Rural Left-behind Middle School Students:The Mediating Effect of Perceived Social Support and the Moderating Effect of Gender

为探讨农村留守初中生自尊与自杀意念的关系,以及领悟社会支持在其间的中介作用和性别的调节作用,采用自尊量表、青少年领悟社会支持量表和青少年自杀意念量表对513名辽宁省农村留守初中生进行问卷调查。研究结果表明:自杀意念与自尊、领悟社会支持呈显著负相关,自尊与领悟社会支持呈显著正相关;自尊显著负向预测自杀意念,领悟社会支持在自尊与自杀意念之间起部分中介作用;自尊对自杀意念的影响受到性别的调节,相对于女生而言,男生的自尊对自杀意念的作用更为显著。因此,可通过自尊提升训练及提高领悟社会支持等角度来促进农村初中生的积极心理,减少自杀意念的产生。

To explore the relationship between self-esteem and suicidal ideation of rural left-behind junior high school students,and the mediating effect of perceived social support and the moderating effect of gender,a questionnaire survey of 513 rural left-behind junior high school students in Liaoning Province was conducted using the Self-esteem Scale,the Adolescent Perceived Social Support Scale,and the Adolescent Suicide Ideation Scale.The results show that:suicidal ideation is significantly negatively correlated with self-esteem and perceived social support,and self-esteem was significantly positively correlated with perceived social support.Self-esteem was significantly negative in predicting suicidal ideation,and social support was a partial mediator between self-esteem and suicidal ideation.Moreover,the influence of self-esteem on suicidal ideation is moderated by gender,and this effect is stronger in male students.It concludes that the positive psychology of rural junior high school students can be promoted through improved self-esteem training and perceived social support to reduce the generation of suicidal ideation.