影响英国基础教育数学分层教学的政策措施及其历史演进

Policy Implementations and Historical Evolution of the Stratified Teaching of Mathematics in British Elementary Education

新课程的改革与实施,使中国基础教育的目标、内容和形式均发生了相应变化.面向全体学生,关注个体差异成为下一步工作的努力方向.他山之石,可以攻玉.为应对集中教学与个体差异之间的矛盾,英国政府在基础教育阶段开展了多年的分层教学实践,主要是在数学学科中实施.影响数学分层教学的政策主要经历了4个阶段,是由政府促进教育公平的政策推进的,政府在各个历史阶段均颁布了具有特定导向作用的政策和文件,其发展与社会环境、教育发展状况和英国基础教育公平价值取向相适宜.2014年起,英国政府和中国上海开展了国际交流合作,推进了新时期英国基础教育数学分层教学多样化发展.

With the reform and implementation of the new curriculum with the new objectives,contents,and instructions,elementary education in China has had related changes.Attending to all students and paying attention to individual differences has become the direction of future endeavor.Lessons from other countries can be learned for Chinese elementary education.In order to deal with the tension between whole class instruction and accommodating individual differences,the British government has implemented many years of stratified teaching practice in basic education,mainly in mathematics.The policy of stratified mathematics teaching has gone through four stages,which are supported by the government’s policy for promoting educational equity.The government has issued policies and documents with specific guidelines in each historical stage,and its development is suitable for the social environment,educational development status,and the value of basic educational equity in Britain.Since 2014,the British government and Shanghai city government have carried out international exchanges and cooperation,which has promoted the diversified development trend of stratified teaching of mathematics in British Basic Education in the new era.