三权分置下“落实宅基地集体所有权”的法治路径

The Law Path of“Implementing Collective Ownership of Homestead”under the Background of Three Rights Separation

宅基地“三权分置”改革背景下探讨“落实集体土地所有权”有其独特的价值。由于承载社会保障功能以及法律规定上的模糊和对宅基地权能的限制,宅基地所有权虚置的问题由来已久。本文从法律政策规定和现实风险两个角度检视宅基地所有权落实的现实困境,以宅基地改革试点实践探索为观察对象,针对宅基地“三权分置”过程中立法上权利主体和权利边界不明晰、权能被过度限制,管理职能未能有效区分形成的现实风险等困境,提出明确集体土地所有权主体、完善宅基地所有权权能实现方式等法治进路。

Under the background of the“three rights separation”reform of homesteads,it is of unique value to discuss“implementing collective land ownership”.Due to the burden of social security functions and the vagueness of laws and regulations and restrictions on the power of homesteads,the problem of homestead ownership has long been a problem.This article examines the practical predicament of the implementation of homestead ownership from the perspectives of legal policies and practical risks,and takes the exploration and practice of homestead reform as the object of observation.Aiming at the dilemma of the rights subject and rights boundary,the excessive restriction of right,and the failure to effectively distinguish the management functions in the process of“three rights separation”of homesteads,the author puts forward the rule of law approaches such as clarifying the subject of collective land ownership and perfecting the realization method of homestead ownership.