杉木短轮伐期用材林高效栽培模式的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Efficient Cultivation Model of Short Rotation Timber Forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata

以3个试验示范地点的杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)种质评价、立地选择和密度对比、整地对比和施肥、间伐密度对比等试验林和短轮伐期示范林的观测数据为依据,分析探讨杉木短轮伐期用材林培育技术。结果表明,使用种子园良种进行造林,3年生幼林的树高和胸径生长量增益显著。栽培模式选择立地指数14以上的林地,以穴垦为主的整地方式,造林穴规格为40 cm×40 cm×40 cm(底长×底宽×深),每穴施用0.25 kg杉木专用复混肥(1号肥)作为基肥。以2500株/hm^(2)的密度造林,造林后连续抚育3年,每年3~4次,第7~9年进行间伐,保留密度为1755~1950株/hm^(2)。造林后追施杉木专用复混肥4次,总量1.5 kg/株。培育11.5~12.5年的短轮伐期用材林蓄积量达237.24~302.97 m3/hm^(2)。培育相同年限的林分蓄积量比国家行业标准提高66.83%~113.06%,提前4~7年超过国家行业标准规定的16年林龄低限生长指标要求。

Short rotation timber forest cultivation of Cunninghamia lanceolata was analyzed and discussed based on observation data of experimental demonstration forests of germplasm evaluation,site selection and density comparison,site preparation and fertilization,thinning density comparison in three test sites.Results showed that there were significant increase in tree height and ground diameter of 3-year-old young stand when planted with improved varieties from seed orchards.In this cultivation model,plots with site index over 14,site preparation with pit,size of 40 cm×40 cm×40 cm,0.25 kg special compound fertilizer(No.1)as base fertilizer were selected.Initial planting density was 2500 plant/hm^(2).Tending management was carried out consecutively for 3 years after afforestation and was carried out 3-4 times a year.Thinning was carried out in the 7th-9th year and retention density was 1755-1950 plant/hm^(2).Stands were fertilized 4 times after afforestation and total amount of fertilizer was 1.5 kg/plant.Volume of 11.5 and 12.5-year-old short rotation timber stands reached 237.24-302.97 m3/hm^(2).Stand volume of the same age could increase 66.83%-113.06%compared with national standard,which could exceed the minimum specification requirements of 16-year-old stand of national standard 4 to 7 years in advanced.