学术国际话语权中的语言权问题

On the Role of Language in International Academic Discourse Power:The Status of Chinese

近年来有关学术国际话语权的讨论很多,但鲜有涉及语言权问题,主要原因是学术权力与语言权力重叠,导致语言权力被"遮蔽"。目前在国际学术界,"学术创新、强势英语、传播平台、学术影响"这四大因素形成循环,产生马太效应,导致学术权力和语言权力不知不觉地合二而一,相互强化,形成学术-英语霸权复合体。国家经济、军事、科技等硬实力是影响学术国际话语权中的语言权的宏观因素;学术语言政策和学者对语言权的意识则是中观因素。当前我国已具备提升中文国际影响力的宏观基础。中国学者和语言政策制定者必须首先觉醒,行动起来,为中文在国际学术领域中争得应有地位。建议在三方面采取行动。(1)制定明确的学术语言政策,力争用30年使中文成为世界第二通用学术语言;(2)提高中文学术创新能力,建立具有中国特色的概念、理论和研究方法;(3)政府和学者协同发力,实现国内外创新知识同步双循环。

The topic of international discourse power has been increasingly discussed recently.However,in such discussions,the role of language has been hardly touched upon largely because when academic power and language power overlap,the latter tends to be overshadowed by the former.Particularly in the current academic world,there are four cycling factors,namely academic innovation,English power,a platform for disseminating information,and academic impact,which are reinforcing each other to produce the Matthew Effect.As a result,academic power and language power have formed an academic-English power complex beyond our awareness.The role of language in international academic discourse power is primarily determined by macro-level factors such as the nation’s hard power of economy,militaries,sciences,and meso-level factors including the national policy of academic language and scholars’awareness of language power.Currently,China has already had hard power as its basis for promoting the status of Chinese in the international academic discourse.Chinese scholars and policy-makers must realize the importance of language power so that three immediate actions can be taken to acquire the due status of the Chinese language in the international academic arena.First,a clear policy of language use in academic discourse should be made so that the Chinese language can become an academic lingua franca next to English within 30 years.Second,the Chinese language should be used to formulate new concepts,theories,and research methods produced by Chinese scholars.Third,with joint efforts of the Chinese government and scholars,the new knowledge should be simultaneously disseminated at home and abroad.