妊娠期高血压疾病与胎儿生长受限的相关性研究

Study on the Association between Hypertensive Disorders Complicating Pregnancy and Fetal Growth Restriction

妊娠期高血压疾病(hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy,HDCP)是妊娠期特有的以妊娠和血压升高并存的一组疾病。该组疾病以高血压、蛋白尿、水肿为特征,可导致妊娠妇女心功能衰竭、子痫、产后出血或胎盘早剥等不良情况发生概率上升,并伴有全身多脏器的损害,严重影响母婴健康。胎儿生长受限(fetal growth restriction,FGR)是指胎儿因遗传或母体胎盘等环境因素影响而未达到其生长潜能。我国FGR的发生率为6.39%,是围生儿死亡的第二大原因。HDCP患者合并发生FGR的概率高达20%~30%,但两者关联的病理机制尚不明确。现有的研究普遍认为HDCP合并FGR可能受血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、胎盘生长因子(placental growth factor,PlGF)、可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体1(soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1,sFlt-1)等多种细胞因子影响,与胎盘功能不全有关。

Hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy(HDCP)is a group of diseases with pregnancy and high blood pressure at the same time,which is unique during the gestation period.This group of diseases are characterized by high blood pressure,proteinuria and edema.It can lead to higher risk of adverse conditions such as heart failure,eclampsia,postpartum hemorrhage or placental abruption in pregnant women.And it is also accompanied with multiple organ damage,affect mother and her baby′s health seriously.Fetal growth restriction(FGR)is a failure of fetus to reach its growth potential due to genetical or maternal placenta environmental factors.FGR is the second reason of perinatal death in China,with an incidence of 6.39%.The incidence of HDCP and FGR is high to 20%-30%,however,the pathological mechanism of the relationship between them is not clear.Existing studies generally believe that hypertension during pregnancy combined with fetal intrauterine growth restriction,may be affected by vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),placental growth factor(PlGF),soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1(sFlt-1)and many other cytokines,which are related to placental insufficiency.