基于三维霍尔传感器的钢轨缺陷漏磁检测系统

Magnetic Flux Leakage Detection System for Rail Defects Based on Three-dimensional Hall Sensor

为检测钢轨顶面的剥离、裂纹等缺陷,设计基于三维霍尔传感器的钢轨缺陷漏磁检测系统。采用钕铁硼环形永磁体对钢轨检测区域进行垂直于钢轨方向的励磁,并将检测车的车轮轮轴同时作为励磁回路的磁扼,由ARM单片机采集三维霍尔传感器检测的缺陷漏磁场数据。在钢轨顶面人工制作一系列横向矩形凹坑缺陷样本,检测结果表明:钢轨缺陷三维漏磁检测系统检测到的漏磁信号能够反映出缺陷尺寸的相关特征信息。

In order to detect the stripping and crack defects on the top surface of the rail,the magnetic flux leakage detection system was designed based on three-dimensional(3D)hall sensor.The defects on the top surface of the rail were excited by the NdFeB magnet perpendicular to the rail direction and the wheel of the car was used to be the yoke.The magnetic flux leakage(MFL)signal which the 3D hall sensor measured was collected by ARM microcontroller.For a series of artificial pits made on the top surface of the rail,3D MFL signals were measured synchronously.The experiment results show that the three-dimensional magnetic flux leakage detection car can achieve the characteristics which can describe the related dimension of the defect.