清江最小和适宜生态流量的计算与评价

Calculation and Evaluation of Minimum and Suitable Ecological Flows of Qingjiang River

确定河流生态流量既是保护河流生态系统的根本举措,又是开展梯级水库生态调度的重要依据。基于逐月最小生态流量法、RVA法、DC法和逐月频率法,分别计算了清江水布垭和隔河岩水库坝址的生态流量过程,并采用Tennant法对结果进行合理性分析。结果表明:RVA法优于逐月最小生态流量法和DC法,计算得到的最小生态流量在一般用水期和产卵育肥期的评价结果分别为“好”、“中”等级;逐月频率法第3种情景计算的适宜生态流量,其评价结果均为“最佳”等级。研究成果为清江流域保护和梯级水库生态调度提供技术参考。

The determination of river ecological flow is not only a fundamental measure of river ecosystem protection,but also an important basis of ecological operation of cascade reservoirs.Four hydrologic methods(monthly minimum ecological flow,Range of Variability Approach(RVA),Duration Curve(DC),and monthly frequency methods)were used to calculate the ecological flow pro-cesses at Shuibuya and Geheyan reservoir dam sites in the Qingjiang River,and the Tennant method was used to analyze the ra-tionality of these results.Application results show that RVA method is superior to DC and monthly minimum ecological flow meth-ods,the evaluation results of calculating minimum ecological flow are‘good’in cold water period and‘fair or degrading’in warm water period;the third scenarios of the monthly frequency method could be used to calculate the suitable ecological flow,in which the evaluation results are‘optimum range’.The research results could provide technical references for the protection of Qingjiang River basin and the ecological operation of cascade reservoirs.