潜在器官捐献者家属捐献意愿现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of related factors affecting the willingness of family members of potential organ donors to donate

目的探讨潜在器官捐献者家属捐献意愿现状并探讨其影响因素。方法选取2015年1月-2018年12月我院危重患者家属404名,根据其是否有意向进行器官捐献及是否最终捐赠分为有意向最终捐献组(49名)、有意向未捐献组(41名)及无意向组(314名)。分析可能影响3组家属进行器官捐献的相关因素。结果(1)单因素分析结果显示,学历、年收入、宗教信仰、医学专业、接受器官捐赠宣教、接受组织协调、担忧自身权益、担心分配不均及对机构不信任是家属捐献意愿的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)有序Logistics分析结果显示,高收入且为医学专业是促进器官捐赠的影响因素,而低学历、未接受器官捐赠宣教、担心自身权益得不到保障、无组织协调及对机构不信任则是潜在人群拒绝器官捐赠的影响因素。结论对潜在器官捐献家属进行宣教和出台相关政策保证器官捐赠人群自身权益,并将相关事宜透明化,是促进潜在器官捐赠家属捐赠的有效手段,其中保障器官捐赠者自身权益是捐赠者主要关心问题。

Objective To analyze the related factors affecting the willingness of family members of potential organ donors to donate.Methods 404 families of critically ill patients from January 2015 to December 2018 were included in the study,and they were divided into the intentional final donation group(49 cases)and the intentional non-donation group(49 cases)according to whether they intended to donate organs and whether they would eventually donate(41 cases)and unintentional group(314 cases).After consulting relevant literatures affecting organ donation,comparing the relevant factors affecting organ donation among the three groups,and analyzing them by using an ordered logistic regression model.Results The family education,annual income,whether to accept organ donation education,organizational coordination and other factors were influential factors of family donation willingness(all P<0.05);ordered Logistic analysis showed that high income and medical specialty were influential factors to promote organ donation.However,low education,no education on organ donation,fear of lack of protection of their rights and interests,lack of organization and coordination and distrust of institutions are the factors that affect the potential population's rejection of organ donation.Conclusion Promoting potential organ donors and introducing relevant policies to ensure the rights and interests of organ donors and transparency of related matters is an effective way to promote the donation of families of potential organ donors.Among them,protecting the rights of organ donors is a major concern of donors.