乡村振兴战略背景下奶业健康管理及科研数据解析

Health Management and Scientific Research Data Analysis of Dairy Industry Under the Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy

乡村振兴战略对我国现代奶业健康发展具有重要指导意义。当前,我国奶业发展处于转型升级关键时期,奶牛重大疾病的发生严重妨碍奶业的健康发展。本文梳理了酸中毒、乳腺炎、子宫内膜炎、产后瘫痪、酮病和肢蹄病等奶牛重大疾病的发生率及其危害,分析了重大疾病的历年科研数据和研究层次。按照重大疾病的发病率估算,乳腺炎发病率最高,其后依次为子宫内膜炎、酮病、酸中毒、产后瘫痪和肢蹄病;最近10年,乳腺炎相关研究最多,其次依次为酸中毒、子宫内膜炎、酮病、产后瘫痪和肢蹄病;对重大疾病相关研究层次分析,基础与应用基础研究最多,其次是专业技术类研究,科普类和政策类研究较少。建议对影响奶业发展的重大疾病实行精准管理,研究防治措施,把乡村振兴战略实施好,加快推行现代化农业、绿色奶业的可持续发展。

The rural revitalization strategy has important guiding significance for the development of dairy industry in China. At present, the development of dairy industry in China is in a critical period of transformation and upgrading, and is severely affected by occurrence of major diseases in dairy cows. This article analyzed the incidence and harm of dairy cows’ major diseases including acidosis, mastitis, endometritis, postpartum paralysis, ketosis and lameness, the research data and research levels of major diseases over the years were also analyzed in this study. According to the estimation of the major diseases incidence, the incidence of mastitis is the highest, followed by endometritis, ketosis, acidosis, postpartum paralysis and lameness. In the past 10 years, the most researches focused on mastitis, followed by acidosis, endometritis, ketosis, postpartum paralysis and lamenes. On the ajor diseases related research level, basic and applied basic researches were the most, followed by professional and technical researches, popular science and policy researches were relatively less. It is recommended to accurately analyze the major diseases that affect the development of dairy industry, study prevention and treatment measures, implement the rural revitalization strategy, and accelerate the sustainable development of green dairy industry with modern agriculture.