不同季节刺参养殖池塘沉积物菌群结构及其影响因素

Environmental Factors Influence the Seasonal Characteristics of Bacterial Community in the Sediment of Apostichopus japonicus Culture Ponds

本研究以辽宁省营口地区刺参(Apostichopusjaponicus)养殖池塘为研究对象,利用高通量测序技术,构建不同季节刺参养殖池塘沉积物菌群16S rRNA基因测序文库,解析刺参养殖池塘沉积物菌群的季节性差异和共性,查明影响沉积物菌群构成的主导环境因子。结果显示,营口地区刺参养殖池塘沉积物菌群的丰度和多样性以夏季最高,春秋次之,冬季最低。不同季节刺参养殖池塘沉积物差异菌群呈显著性季节演替特征(P<0.05)。其中,春季差异菌群主要隶属于拟杆菌门(Bacteroides),夏季差异菌群主要隶属于酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)和浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes),秋季差异菌群主要隶属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),冬季差异菌群主要隶属于放线菌门(Actinobacteria)。尽管不同季节沉积物细菌组分比例不同,但第一优势菌门均隶属于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(相对丰度>43.19%)。环境因子中,影响刺参养殖池塘沉积物菌群的主导环境因子为温度、总有机碳、总氮和pH。本研究将为刺参养殖池塘微生态调控提供理论参考。

Microbial communities are an important part of aquaculture pond ecosystems and play an important role in the processes of nutrient cycling and energy flow.It is,thus,of great importance to explore the seasonal succession characteristics of bacterial communities and factors influencing them for the precise management of sea cucumber ponds.In this study,the bacterial community composition in the sediment of Apostichopus japonicus culture ponds in different seasons were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis,and the factors influencing the bacterial community were identified.The results showed that the abundance and diversity of the bacteria community in the sediment of sea cucumber culture ponds in Yingkou were highest in summer,followed by spring,autumn,and winter seasons.Significant seasonal differences were observed in the specific bacterial communities of the sediment in different seasons.Among these,Bacteroides phylum was specifically associated with spring,Acidobacteria,Verrucomicrobia,and Planctomycetes were specific phyla observed in summer,Firmicutes was the specific phylum noted in autumn,and Actinobacteria was the specific phylum in winter.Although the proportion of the sediment bacterial community differed across seasons,the predominant phylum in the sediment was the Proteobacteria(relative abundance>43.19%).The dominant environmental factors affecting the sediment bacterial community were temperature,total organic carbon,total nitrogen,and pH.These findings provide a theoretical reference for microecology regulation in sea cucumber culture ponds.