牧户对草原生态补奖政策满意度及其影响因素分析——以祁连山北麓肃南县为例

Satisfaction of grassland eco-compensation and reward policy for herdsmen and analysis on its influencing factors——A case study of Sunan county in the north piedmont of the Qilian Mountain

牧民是草原生态保护和利用的直接相关人,牧户的感知和态度是决定草原生态补奖政策能否取得效果的关键。本研究以肃南县为例研究祁连山北麓牧区牧户对草原生态补奖政策的评价及影响因素,在总体分析的基础上分组进行评价和研究。结果表明:总体的满意度水平为74.8%,分组统计显示禁牧户满意度最低,禁牧和草畜平衡结合牧户满意度最高。运用多元有序Logistic回归分析发现,收入变化、补奖标准评价、年龄是禁牧户和草畜平衡牧户满意度的共同影响因素,收入变化对禁牧户满意度影响为正,对草畜平衡牧户影响为负,其他两个变量对两组牧户的满意度影响均为正向;草畜平衡牧户的另一显著因素是草场承包面积,禁牧户另一显著因素是补奖金额;另外,补奖金额对草畜平衡牧户满意度有一定影响,家庭人口数和受教育程度对禁牧户满意度有一定影响。最后,从提高补奖标准、优化补奖方式、促进牧民再就业三方面提出政策建议,即提高补奖标准,尽量弥补牧户损失;优化补奖方式,保持面积较小牧户的权益;完善相关配套政策,促进牧民再就业。

Herdsmen are directly related to the protection and utilization of grassland ecology.Herdsmen’s perception and attitude is the key to determine whether the policy of grassland ecological compensation and reward can achieve results.This study took Sunan county as an example to study the evaluation and influencing factors of herdsmen’s policies on grassland ecological compensation and reward in the north Lupiu piedmont of Qilian Mountains.Based on the overall analysis,the evaluation and research are carried out in groups.The results showed that the overall satisfaction level was 74.8%.The group statistics showed that the forbidden-breeding herdsmen’s satisfaction was the lowest,the hybrid herdsmen’s was the highest.Multivariant ordered Logistic regression indicated that income change,evaluation of compensation standard and age were the common influencing factors for the satisfaction of the forbidden grazing households and the balanced grazing households.Income change had a positive influence on the satisfaction of the forbidden grazing households and a negative influence on the satisfaction of the balanced grazing households.The other two variables had a positive influence on the satisfaction of the two groups of grazing households.The other significant factor of the grassland-balanced herdsmen was grassland area,the other significant factor of the forbidden-breeding herdsmen was compensation amount.In addition,compensation amount had a certain effect on the grassland-balanced herdsmen’s satisfaction,family population and education level had a certain effect on the forbidden-breeding herdsmen’s satisfaction.Finally,the paper put forward policy suggestions from three aspects:improving the compensation standard,optimizing the compensation method and promoting herdsmen’s re-employment:rasie the compensation standard and try to make up for the loss of herdsmen;optimize the reward method to protect the rights and interests of farmers with small area;improve relevant supporting policies to promote hendsmen’s reemplayment.