不同中草药饲料添加剂对银狐毛皮品质及血液生化指标的影响

Effect of different Chinese herbal feed additives on fur quality and blood biochemical index of silver foxes

为了探索中草药饲料添加剂对银狐毛皮品质和血液生化指标的影响,试验将48只体重相近、公母各半的青年银狐随机分为3组,每组16只。1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,2组和3组在基础日粮中分别添加1%的中草药大肠杆菌病预防剂和1%的中草药免疫增强剂,试验期40 d。试验期结束后,分别测定各组银狐的干皮长、干皮宽、干皮重和臀部、肩部、背部、腹部的针毛长和绒毛长,以及血清中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、溶菌酶(LZM)、总氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、尿素氮(BUN)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(T-CHO)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)水平。结果表明:2个试验组的干皮长、干皮宽和干皮重均高于对照组(P>0.05);除3组的腹部绒毛长度略低于对照组外,其余部位针、绒毛长试验组均高于对照组,个别达显著性差异(P<0.05)。3组毛皮品质大部分指标为最好。血液生化指标分析结果显示,2个试验组在免疫、抗氧化、蛋白代谢、脂类代谢、钙磷代谢等方面均一定程度优于对照组,其中3组的IgA、IgM、TP、ALB、T-CHO、AKP等指标与对照组均呈显著性差异(P<0.05)。说明两种中草药饲料添加剂不仅可以改善银狐毛皮品质,还能提高银狐的免疫能力及抗氧化能力,并能提高银狐对蛋白质、脂类、钙磷的吸收代谢能力,其中添加1%的中草药免疫增强剂效果最好。

In order to explore the effects of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives on fur quality and blood biochemical indexes of silver foxes,48 young silver foxes with similar body weight and half male and female were randomly divided into 3 groups with 16 foxes in each group.Group 1 was the control group,which was fed with basic diet.Group 2 and group 3 were fed basic diet with 1%Chinese herbal colibacillosis preventive agent and 1%Chinese herbal medicine immune enhancer,respectively.The experiment lasted for 40 d.At the end of the experimental period,the dry skin length,dry skin width,dry skin weight and needle hair length and villi length of buttocks,shoulders,back and abdomen of silver foxes were measured.And serum immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin M(IgM),lysozyme(LZM),total oxidation capacity(T-AOC),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD),total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(AST),glutamic pyruvic transaminase(ALT),urea nitrogen(BUN),triglyceride(TG),Total cholesterol(T-CHO),calcium(Ca),phosphorus(P)and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)levels.The results showed that the dry skin length,dry skin width and dry skin weight of the two experimental groups were higher than those of the control group(P>0.05).Hair length,except that the abdominal villus length of group 3 was slightly lower than that of the control group,the needle hair length and villus length of the test groups were higher than those of the control group,and some of the differences were significant(P<0.05).The fur quality indexes of the group 3 of Chinese herbal medicine were the best.The results of blood biochemical index analysis showed that the two kinds of Chinese herbal medicine additives were superior to the control group in immunity,antioxidation,protein metabolism,lipid metabolism,calcium and phosphorus metabolism and so on.Group 3 was significantly different from the control group on indicators such as IgA,IgM,TP,ALB,T-CHO and AKP(P<0.05).The results indicated that the two Chinese herbal feed additives could not only improve fur quality and the immune and antioxidant capacity of silver fox,but also improve the absorption and metabolism of protein,fat,calcium and phosphorus.Among them,the effect of 1%Chinese herbal medicine immune enhancer was the best.