儿童肾性高钾血症的诊断与鉴别诊断

Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal hyperkalemia in children

肾脏是维持血钾平衡的最主要器官,多种急慢性肾脏疾病因肾小球滤过率降低或肾小管排钾功能障碍,导致血钾升高,使得高钾血症成为儿童肾脏疾病容易伴发的电解质紊乱,甚至危及生命。因此肾性高钾血症的诊断与鉴别诊断,对于临床医师尤为重要。

Kidney is the most important organ to maintain the balance of hyperkalemia.Due to reduced glomerular filtration rate or renal tubule potassium excretion dysfunction,all kinds of acute and chronic kidney diseases can result in increased hyperkalemia.Therefore,hyperkalemia becomes a common electrolyte disorder in children with kidney disease.Hence,the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal hyperkalemia are particularly important for clinicians.