国外二硝基茴香醚基炸药发展现状

Foreign Development Status of DNAN-Based Explosive

为及时了解国外二硝基茴香醚(DNAN)炸药技术的发展现状,在系统跟踪国外技术文献和研发动态的基础上,综述了DNAN基炸药的配方设计、制备工艺、环境健康评估和装备应用等最新研究与进展。从中分析得出:美国DNAN基炸药技术发展最迅速,DNAN基炸药配方研究活跃,有多种配方已达到实用化水平;DNAN基熔铸炸药的环保和安全特性明显优于TNT,预示着其在不敏感弹药中具有广泛的应用前景;美军率先大规模装备IMX-101和IMX-104炸药并部署部队,标志着大口径炮弹炸药主装药的不敏感化换装已进入实施阶段;对DNAN的研究提出了建议,应重点发展DNAN基高性能熔铸炸药配方、先进制备工艺技术及应用技术。

In order to investigate the development status of DNAN explosive,the formulation,preparation process,environment-friendly assessment,application of DNAN-based explosive was summarized on the basis of systematic tracking of foreign technical literature and research development trends.The conclusions were as follows:the technology of DNAN-based explosive developed most rapidly in the United States.The formulation of DNAN-based explosive has been studied actively.Many formulations had reached the practical level.The environment-friendly and safety characteristics of DNAN-based explosive are obviously better than TNT′s,which indicates that DNAN-based explosives might be widely applied in insensitive ammunition.The US military is the first to deploy the IMX-101 and IMX-104 explosives on a large scale,which means that the insensitivity of main charge of large caliber artillery has entered the implementation stage.Moreover,some suggestions were made for the study of DNAN explosive.The formulation,advanced preparation technology and application technology of DNAN-based high performance melt cast explosive should be emphasized.