中国马铃薯种植区域比较优势的时空演进

Research on Spatial-temporal Evolution of Comparative Advantages of Potato Planting Regions in China

利用生产集中度指数和综合比较优势指数,从主产区和省域2个层面考察了中国马铃薯种植区域比较优势,进行了时空演进,并利用Arc GIS软件进行了可视化分析。结果表明:第一,2014—2018年中国马铃薯4大主产区的生产集中度指数呈波动状态,综合比较优势从高到低依次是北方一作区、西南混作区、南方冬作区、中原二作区。第二,北方一作区和西南混作区是马铃薯种植"高规模-高效率"的双高地区,中原二作区和南方冬作区是马铃薯种植"低规模-高效率"的效率优势区域。第三,省域马铃薯生产集中指数和综合比较优势指数存在时空差异,浙江、河北、广东的马铃薯综合比较优势指数值持续上升,而黑龙江、辽宁、吉林、湖北、新疆、湖南、西藏、江西和安徽等省份的综合比较优势始终处于较低水平状态。

This paper studies the spatial and temporal evolution of the comparative advantage of potato planting areas from the main praduction area and provincial level in China,based on the production concentration index and comprehensive comparative advantage index,and the visual analysis was carried out by using Arc GIS software.The results showed that:firstly,from 2014 to 2018,the production concentration index of the four major potato producing areas in China fluctuated,and the comprehensive comparative advantage from high to low was the first cropping area in the north,the mixed cropping area in the southwest,the winter planting area in the south,and the second cropping area in the Central Plains.Second,the first cropping area in the north and the mixed cropping area in the southwest are the double high areas of"high scale and high efficiency",while the second cropping area in the Central Plains and the winter planting area in the south are the superior areas of"low scale and high efficiency"of potato planting.Thirdly,there are spatiotemporal differences in provincial potato production concentration index and comprehensive comparative advantage index.The AAI values of Zhejiang,Hebei and Guangdong continue to rise,while the comprehensive comparative advantages of Heilongjiang,Liaoning,Jilin,Hubei,Xinjiang,Hunan,Tibet,Jiangxi and Anhui are always at a low level.