大学生手机依赖与体育认知行为的关系及对策分析

Analysis of the Relationship between College Students’ Smart Phone Dependence and Sports Cognition and Behavior and the Solutions

[目的]探索高校学生手机依赖程度和体育认知行为之间的关系。[方法]应用体育认知和体育行为问卷、手机依赖问卷对高校686名大学生进行调查研究和数据分析。[结果](1)大学生的体育认知行为普遍得分较低,表现为对体育锻炼的喜爱程度较低,大多数喜欢在晚餐后到睡前锻炼,整体体育活动等级较低,处于小运动量水平。其中体育活动水平女生明显低于男生,文科生明显低于理科生和艺体生,生源地是县城的学生活动量明显低于城市学生,大二年级的学生活动量最高、大四年级的学生活动量最低。(2)大学生普遍具有中等以上手机依赖行为,但无明显的性别、专业、生源地的差异性。其中大二的手机依赖程度最高,大一学生的手机依赖程度最低。(3)大学生体育活动等级和手机依赖等级存在一定相关性,从小运动量到中等运动量,学生的手机依赖程度明显下降,但大运动量的手机依赖程度反而有所回升。[结论]体育运动可以有效降低学生对手机的依赖程度,尤其以每周3~5次、持续30~59 min的中等强度运动为宜。

[Objective]To explore the relationship between smart phone dependence,sports cognition and sports behavior of college students.[Methods]686 college students were investigated and analyzed by using sports cognition and behavior questionnaire and smart phone dependence questionnaire.[Results](1)the general scores of college students’sports cognition and behavior are low,which shows their disinclination to physical exercises.Most of them like to exercise after dinner and before going to bed.The overall level of sports activity is low,with smaller amount of exercise.Among them,female students’sports activityies significantly lower than that of male students,and that of liberal arts students is significantly lower than that of science,arts and sports students.The sports activity of students from counties is significantly lower than that of students from big cities.(2)College students generally have moderate smart phone dependence,but there is no significant difference in gender,major and source of students.Among them,sophomores have the highest smart phone dependence,and freshmen have the lowest.(3)There is a certain correlation between sports activity and smart phone dependence for college students.From smaller to medium amount of exercise,smart phone dependence decreases obviously,but smart phone dependence picks up along with larger amount of exercise.[Conclusion]sports can effectively reduce students’dependence on smart phones,and the moderate exercise of 30-59 minutes at 3-5 times a week is particularly effective.