GC-MS分析新疆4种薄荷挥发油化学成分及其生物活性的比较研究

Comparative Study of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Essential Oil from Four Species of Mentha L. Plants Growing in Xinjiang by GC-MS

以水蒸气蒸馏法提取薄荷、亚洲薄荷、留兰香、唇萼薄荷的挥发油,利用气相色谱四极杆飞行时间质谱双柱分析定性,利用气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器分析定量。同时,测定4种薄荷挥发油对DPPH自由基与ABTS+自由基的半数抑制浓度(IC50),采用微量稀释法评估4种薄荷挥发油抗菌活性,结果表明:薄荷挥发油主要成分为薄荷醇(70.51%),唇萼薄荷挥发油主成分为胡薄荷酮(69.30%),辣薄荷烯酮氧化物(62.57%)是亚洲薄荷的主要成分,香芹酮(74.00%)为留兰香挥发油的主要成分。4种薄荷属植物间种类差异与其挥发油组成有关。4种不同品种的薄荷挥发油均有较好的抗氧化活性,对菌株(白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌)具有较好的抗菌活性。

The essential oils from Mentha haplocalyx Briq.,Mentha asiatica Boriss.,Mentha spicata Linn.,Mentha pulegium Linn. were obtained by hydrodistillation. The essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry and quantified by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector combined with internal standard method. At the same time,the 50% inhibitory concentration(IC50)of four species of Mentha L. plants essential oil to DPPH radical and ABTS+radical was determined,and the antibacterial activity of four species of Mentha L. plants essential oil was evaluated by microdilution method. The results showed that the main component of essential oils of Mentha haplocalyx Briq. was menthol(70.51%),Mentha pulegium Linn. was distinguished by high amounts of pulegone(69.30%),while the major compound in Mentha asiatica Boriss. was piperitone oxide(62.57%). Carvone(74.00%)was the main constituent of Mentha spicata Linn.. The variation among the four species of Mentha L. was linked to that of their essential oil characteristic composition. The essential oil of four different varieties of Mentha L. plants had good antioxidant activity,and had good antibacterial activity against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus.