基于物联网的火场人员救助方法与实验

Fire Rescue Method and Experiment based on IoT

针对目前人员救助存在的消防响应时间利用率低,救助人员与被困人员信息交互匮乏的问题,提出基于物联网的火场人员救助方法。基于物联网,建立消防救助人员、被困人员、指挥人员、应急设施等全方位、多通道的信息采集、融合、反馈交互系统。被困人员通过手机等终端反馈位置等信息。控制中心根据火灾现场信息、天气信息、被困人员位置等信息规划安全逃生路径,发出救助指令,指挥被困人员逃生,同时调动救生舱完成人员救助。提出人员救助路径优化模型,讨论了基于蚁群算法的个性化救援路径规划方法,并通过仿真和实验证明了提出方法的有效性。研究和实验结果表明,基于物联网的火场人员救助方法,建立多通道的信息采集、融合、决策、反馈机制,将主动救援和被动救援相结合,可以大大缩短消防响应时间,提高逃生几率。

In view of the low utilization rate of fire response time and the lack of information interaction between rescuers and trapped personnel in the current personnel rescue,a fire rescue method based on IoT is proposed.Based on the IoT,a comprehensive and multi-channel information collection,fusion,feedback control and information interaction system for fire rescue personnel,trapped personnel,command personnel,and emergency facilities is established.Trapped personnel feedback location and other information through mobile phones and other terminals.According to the fire scene information,weather information,location of trapped personnel and other information,the control center plans a safe escape path,issues rescue instructions,directs the trapped personnel to escape,and mobilizes the rescue cabin to complete the rescue.An optimization model of the personnel rescue path is proposed,and a personalized rescue path planning method based on ant colony algorithm is discussed,and the effectiveness of the proposed method is proved by simulation and experiment.The research and experimental results indicate that the fire rescue method based on IoT,which establishes a multi-channel information collection,fusion,decision-making,and feedback mechanism,and combines active rescue and passive rescue,can greatly shorten the fire response time and increase the probability of escape.