基于数值仿真的防波板焊接结构圆弧过渡分析

Analysis of arc transition of wave-shielded plate welded structure based on numerical simulation

为提升路面洗扫机械的水箱在服役过程中的可靠性,针对水箱中防波板焊接结构在水流冲击载荷下出现疲劳裂纹失效问题,在立板根部采用圆弧过渡的结构优化方案,以降低焊接结构的应力集中程度,从而提升防波板的使用寿命。采用有限元仿真系统地分析了过渡圆弧位置和半径对应力分布的影响规律。仿真结果表明,焊接结构应力集中导致防波板抗疲劳性能弱化,而圆弧过渡结构对应力集中效应具有明显的缓解作用,其缓解程度与圆弧位置和半径有显著的关联。随着圆弧与焊道距离的减小或者圆弧半径的增加,防波板应力集中降低,载荷由低周疲劳向高周疲劳的转变越明显。

In order to improve the reliability of the pavement cleaning machine’s water tank and reduce the fatigue crack failure of the welded structure of the wave plate in the water tank under the impact of water flow,a structural optimization program of circular arc transition was used to reduce the degree of stress concentration,thereby increasing the service life of the wave shield.The influence of the transition arc position and radius on stress distribution was analyzed by finite element simulation.The simulation results showed that the stress concentration of the welded structure weakened the fatigue life of the wave shield,while the arc transition structure had a significant mitigation effect on the stress concentration,and its degree of relief was significantly related to the arc position and radius.As the distance between the arc and the weld bead decreased,or the radius of the arc increased,the stress concentration of the wave shield decreased,and the transition was more obvious from low-cycle fatigue to high-cycle fatigue.