海洋生态环境承载能力评价方法验证及建议——以浙江省近岸海域为例

The Verification and the Suggestions of the Evaluation Method of Marine Eco-environmental Carrying Capacity:A Case Study of Zhejiang Offshore Area

为推动海洋资源的合理开发和有效保护,文章采用《资源环境承载能力监测预警技术方法(试行)》(《技术方法》)开展浙江省近岸海域海洋生态环境承载能力评价试点研究,验证指标体系和评价方法的适用性并提出建议。研究结果表明:《技术方法》的海洋环境承载状况评价结果更多代表氮磷水平,不足以客观反映海洋环境承载状况,而适应性验证方法的评价结果总体略好;海洋生态承载状况评价的适应性验证方法增加浮游植物参数,并以区域5年均值为基准,所得结果更为合理。针对《技术方法》的适用性问题以及业务化应用和管理的需求,建议:评价指标和具体参数的设置应考虑区位特点和自然属性,在海洋生态承载状况评价参数中增加浮游植物,并加长区域基准值的时间跨度;在集成评价时对指标设置较为合理的权重系数;加强中小尺度海洋生态环境承载能力研究;强化海洋生态环境承载能力评价与监测预警的结合应用。该研究成果可为进一步完善国家海洋生态环境承载能力监测预警工作提供技术支撑。

In order to promote the development and protection of marine resources,the pilot study and adaptability verification of evaluation of marine eco-environmental carrying capacity in Zhejiang offshore area were carried out in this paper,based on the"Technical Method of Resources and Environment Carrying Capacity Monitoring and Early-Warning".The index system,and evaluation methods in the Technical Method were verified,and the suggestions were put forward.The result of marine environmental carrying capacity in the Technical Method was more representative of nitrogen and phosphorus level,which was not enough to objectively reflect the marine environmental carrying capacity,and the result of the adaptability verification method was slightly better.The adaptability verification method of marine ecological carrying capacity was more reasonable by adding the phytoplankton parameter and taking the average of past 5 years of this index as the standard.In view of the applicability of technical methods and the requirements of business application and management,the suggestions were given as follows.First,the regional characteristics and natural attributes should be considered to set evaluation indexes and parameters,the density of phytoplankton should be used to the index of ecological carrying capacity,and the time span of regional reference value should be prolonged.Second,a reasonable weight coefficient should be set in the integrated evaluation.Third,the study on the carrying capacity of marine ecological environment in small and medium scale should be strengthening.Fourth,the combined application of assessment and early warning of marine eco-environmental carrying capacity should be consolidated.The above research results can provide technical support for further improving the monitoring and early-warning of marine eco-environmental carrying capacity.