纳滤/反渗透技术去除水中含氮消毒副产物的研究进展

Research progress of nanofiltration-reverse osmosis technology removing nitrogenous disinfection by-products in water

以卤乙腈(HANs)、卤代硝基甲烷(HNMs)、亚硝胺(NAs)、卤乙酰胺(HAcAms)为典型代表的含氮消毒副产物(N-DBPs)具有强烈的细胞毒性和遗传毒性。纳滤(NF)膜和反渗透(RO)膜在空间位阻和静电排斥等机理的作用下,对水中微量有机污染物去除效果较好。阐述了NF膜和RO膜的去除机理及影响因素,探讨了其对水中N-DBPs及其前体物的控制效果,并对以后的研究方向进行展望。

Nitrogenous disinfection by-products(N-DBPs)typically represented by haloacetonitriles(HANs),halonitromethanes(HNMs),nitrosamines(NAs)and haloacetamides(HAcAms)have strong cytotoxicity and genotoxicity.Nanofiltration(NF)and reverse osmosis(RO)membranes are effective in removing trace organic pollutants from water under the mechanism of steric and electrostatic exclusion.The mechanism and influencing factors of NF and RO membranes were introduced.The removal efficiencies of N-DBPs and their precursors by NF and RO membranes were discussed,and the future research was predicted.