洞庭湖四水流域入湖径流量变化特征及影响因素分析

Analysis on the variation characteristics and influencing factors of inflow runoff in Dongting Lake four rivers watershed

为了揭示洞庭湖的径流量变化规律,为洞庭湖流域水土保持生态建设和湖泊水资源的合理利用以及流域综合治理提供科学依据,以典型水文站点近60年的长时间序列资料为基础,利用多年平均值法、原始数据趋势分析法、M-K趋势分析法对洞庭湖四水流域入湖的径流量变化特征及成因进行了分析。结果表明:湘资沅澧四水的径流量变化不大,石门站无明显下降,其余各站无明显上升。四水的径流量变化主要由流域地貌发育、降水等自然因素,以及水利、林业工程和土地利用变化等人类活动造成。

The long time series data in a typical hydrological site in recent 60 years is adopted as the basis,average value method for many years,trend analysis method,moving average value and Mann-Kendall trend analysis method are utilized for analyzing the Dongting Lake four rivers(the Xiangjiang River,Zijiang River,Yuanjiang River and Lishui River)watershed inflow runoff evolution law and causes in order to achieve a correct understanding on the runoff change law of Dongting Lake,and provide scientific basis for Dongting Lake watershed ecological construction of soil and water conservation,rational utilization of lake water resources and watershed comprehensive treatment.The results show that the runoff change of the four rivers is not great,there is no obvious decrease at Shimen Station and no obvious increase at other stations.The runoff variation of the four rivers is mainly caused by natural factors such as geomorphologic development and precipitation,as well as human activities such as water conservancy,forestry engineering and land use change.