“计划”和“市场”:当代中国经济体制的历史演进与话语变迁

"Plan"and"Market":The Historical Evolution and Discourse Transition of Contemporary China's Economy Sysetem

当代中国经济体制的历史演进与话语变迁总体上由"计划"和"市场"这两大关键词相继主导,呈现出从"计划"到"市场"和"计划"的演变。新中国成立初期,基于理论、历史和实践三重因素的考量,计划经济被确立为国家经济体制,与之相应的经济体制话语完全由"计划"所支配。改革开放时期,当代中国经济体制实现了从计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制的转型,经济体制主导话语亦从"计划"逐渐过渡到"市场",话语内涵在经济体制改革的大潮中持续延展。在新时代,科学认识和发展中国特色社会主义基本经济制度既要正确评价计划经济的重要价值,也要在社会主义条件下深入发展市场经济。

The historical evolution and discourse transition of contemporary China’s economy is mainly dominated by two key words in succession: "plan" and "market", showing an evolution pattern from "plan" to "market", and again "plan". In the early stage after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, planned economy was adopted as the national economic system based on the consideration of theoretical, historical and practical factors, and thus the corresponding economic discourse was completely dominated by "plan". In the new period of reform and opening up, contemporary China’s economy realized a transition from a planned economy to a socialist market economy, while the dominant discourse also transformed gradually from "plan" to "market", with its connotation continuously extending in the tide of economic reform. In the new era, we shall not only properly evaluate the importance of planned economy, but also ensure further development of market economy under socialist conditions.