基于DEA模型的金砖国家生态效率研究

Research on Ecological Efficiency of BRICS Based on DEA Model

生态效率衡量经济生产活动的经济效益和生态效益.基于绿色经济和产业生态化视角,建立生态效率评价指标体系,通过数据包络法的CCR和BCC模型对金砖国家2005~2014年的生态效率进行了测算与分析.研究结果表明:2005~2014年中国的生态效率整体呈上升的趋势,同期巴西、俄罗斯的生态效率呈先上升后下降的趋势,印度、南非的生态效率值呈上升趋势.金砖五国大多数年份与生产前沿面存在一定差距,提升空间较大.进一步分析金砖国家的投入冗余量发现:各个国家在大多数年份均存在不同程度的CO2和能源投入冗余,造成了能源浪费和环境污染.最后从生态环保理念沟通、绿色贸易合作、生态创新技术合作等方面提出改善生态效率的对策建议.

Ecological efficiency measures the economic and ecological benefits of economic production activities.Based on the perspective of green economy and industrial ecology,this paper establishes an evaluation index system of ecological efficiency,and calculates and analyzes the ecological efficiency of BRICS(Brazil,Russia,India,China,South Africa)from 2005 to 2014 through CCR and BCC models of data envelopment method.The results show that the overall eco-efficiency of China increased from 2005 to 2014.In the same period,the ecological efficiency of Brazil and Russia increased first and then decreased.India and South Africa are on the rise.In most years,there is a gap among BRICS and the production frontier,and the promotion space is relatively large.The analysis of investment redundancy in BRICS found that each country had different levels of CO2 and energy input redundancy in most years,resulting in energy waste and environmental pollution.Finally,some countermeasures and suggestions to improve ecological efficiency by promoting the communication of ecological and environmental protection concepts,green trade cooperation and ecological innovation and technology cooperation among BRICS are proposed.