地方政府创新竞争与企业创新

Local Government Innovation Competition and Enterprise Innovation

随着创新驱动发展战略的深入实施,技术创新逐渐成为新的官员晋升标尺,地方政府的竞争格局也在悄然发生变化,并通过“有形之手”影响企业创新活动。基于2007—2018年中国A股上市公司和地级市数据的实证研究表明,地方政府科技支出存在策略互补型竞争,且竞争在2013—2018年、主官处于第二任期、东部地区的样本中更加明显。这表明,创新竞争已成为地方政府之间新的竞争模式。进一步分析发现,政府创新竞争显著促进了企业技术创新,这种激励作用随着企业创新水平的提高呈现出先增长后减弱的倒U型特征。机制检验结果则表明,政府围绕科技创新展开竞争会提高企业创新补贴、税收优惠和地区产业集聚水平,从内部和外部两个层面改善企业创新环境,从而推动企业技术创新。

With the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy,technological innovation has gradually become the new yardstick for official promotion;and the competitive landscape of local governments is also changing,which can affect corporate innovation activities through the“visible hand”.The findings of an empirical study based on the data of China’s A-share listed companies and prefecture-level cities from 2007 to 2018 show that there is a strategically complementary competition in local governments'spending on science and technology.And this kind of competition is more obvious in the samples from the eastern region during the period of 2013-2018,when the chief officials are in their second term.This reveals that innovative competition has become a new competition model among local governments.It is found from further analysis that government innovation competition has significantly promoted enterprise technological innovation,and this incentive effect has shown an inverted U-shaped characteristic of first growth then weakening as the level of enterprise innovation improves.The mechanism test results show that the governments’competition around technological innovation will increase enterprise innovation subsidies and tax incentives,and improve the level of regional industrial agglomeration,which can improve the corporate innovation environment both internally and externally,so as to promote enterprises'technological innovations.