一战对“迷惘一代”男性气概的建构——《太阳照常升起》中男性气概的思考

The Construction of the Masculinity of the"Lost Generation"in the World WarⅠ:The Consideration on Masculinity in The Sun Also Rises

战争是证明男性气概的最佳场所,战士也是历史上男性气概的典型示范。战争中体现的“勇敢”“威武”和“荣耀”等精神是评判男性气概的主要内容,形成了男性气概的传统。而海明威,作为书写“男性气概”和“迷惘一代”的杰出作家,显然意识到了新时代对于男性气概提出的新要求。他笔下的男性气概以及对“海明威式英雄”人物的塑造都有对传统男性气概的颠覆和对新时代男性气概实质的思考。因此,与其说海明威笔下“迷惘一代”的男性气概因战争而被阉割,毋宁说是经历了战争之后,对于新时代男性气概的建构。

War,undoubtedly,is the best place to prove masculinity,and soldiers are typical examples of ideal men in historical periods.The sense of“courage”,“power”and“glory”have become a crucial element to judge men identity and his spirit of masculinity,which also becomes a kind of tradition for masculinity.Hemingway,as an outstanding writer of masculinity and Lost Generation,is obviously aware of the new requirements for masculinity in the new era.His portrayal of manliness and Hemingwayesque heroes are based on the subversion of traditional masculinity and consideration on the essence of masculinity in the new era.Therefore,it is better to say that such subversion develops a newly kind of masculinity for Lost Generation by the writer rather than being castrated because of the war.