公立医院工作环境与工作满意度相关性研究——以护理人员为例

Research on working environment and job satisfaction in public hospitals——a case study of nursing staff

目的以护理人员为例,立足于我国提高医务人员工作满意度、降低医务人员离职率的迫切需要,调查医务人员对工作环境和工作满意度评价的现况,助力各级卫生管理机构制定政策与人力资源管理政策,为如何实现健康工作环境、提升医务人员工作满意度、降低医务人员流失率提供依据。方法应用卡劳斯克/米勒满意度量表和磁性要素量表II对广州市3家三级医院300名护士开展调查研究。结果护士工作满意度的总均分为(3.28±0.73);护士对工作环境中各维度评价与护士工作满意度均呈显著正相关(P <0.01),且"护理实践的控制"、"管理者的支持"、"文化价值观"等三个维度是影响护士工作满意度的主要因素。结论本研究中护士的工作满意度水平为中上水平;工作环境能够影响工作满意度,建立一个公平、公正、合理、具有竞争力的薪酬体系、给予护士提供较高工作自主性的条件、护士参与科室的决策、增强护理文化建设等能够提高工作满意度,进而稳定医疗队伍,降低离职率,更好的保障医疗质量和患者安全。

Objective A case study of the nursing staff based on the urgent need of improving the job satisfaction of medical staff and reducing the turnover rate of medical staff in our country,this paper investigates the current situation of the evaluation of the working environment and job satisfaction of medical staff,helps the health management institutions at all levels to formulate policies and human resource management policies,and provides the basis for how to achieve a healthy working environment,improve the job satisfaction of medical staff and reduce the turnover rate of medical staff.Methods A total of 300 nurses from three tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou were surveyed by using the McCloskey/Mueller satisfaction scale and the essentials of magnetism instrument II.Results The total average score of nurses’job satisfaction was(3.28±0.73);there was a significant positive correlation between nurses’evaluation of each dimension in the working environment and nurses’job satisfaction(P<0.01),and"control of nursing practice","support of managers"and"cultural values"were the main factors affecting nurses’job satisfaction.Conclusion In this study,nurses generally have a moderate to high level of job satisfaction;the working environment can affect job satisfaction;establishing a fair,fair,reasonable and competitive salary system,providing nurses with higher conditions of work autonomy,letting them participate in the decision-making of departments and strengthening the construction of nursing culture and so on can improve their job satisfaction,stabilize the medical team and reduce the turnover rate so as to ensure the medical quality and patient safety.