翼型深松铲铲间距对土壤扰动的仿真与试验

On Simulation and Experiment of Soil Disturbance Caused by Airfoil Subsoil Shovel Spacing

土壤扰动是深松作业的重要性能指标,翼型深松铲铲间距对土壤扰动特性有重要影响,是深松机设计的关键结构参数之一.本文采用离散元法(DEM)建立了土壤深松03试验模型,研究了翼型深松铲5种不同铲间距(350,400,450,500,550 mm)在恒定工作速度(0.83 m/s)和恒定工作深度(300 mm)下对土壤扰动特性的影响.仿真与试验表明,铲间距越大,土壤膨松度越小,而土壤扰动系数先减小后增大;两翼铲间未扰动土壤高度、横向扰动宽度随翼铲铲间距的增加而变大,铲间距的大小对土壤深松效果将产生重大影响,而且离散元法能够较准确地模拟土壤深松过程中的扰动行为;离散单元法仿真试验与室外田间试验获得的土壤扰动轮廓大致吻合,不同翼铲铲间距深松作业下土壤膨松度、扰动系数的EDEM仿真值和田间试验值平均误差分别是11.2%和13.5%.

Soil disturbance is an important performance index for subsoil operations.The airfoil subsoil shovel spacing has an important effect on soil disturbance characteristics,which is one of the key structural parameters of subsoiling machine design.In this paper,the DEM method has been used to establish the soil subsoiling test model,and the effects of 5 different shovel spacing(350,400,450,500,550mm)of airfoil subsoiling shovels on the soil disturbance characteristics under the constant working speed(0.83 m/s)and constant working depth(300 mm)are studied.The results show that with the increase of spade spacing,the soil swelling degree decreased gradually,the soil disturbance coefficient decreased first and then increased;the height of undisturbed soil between two deep spades increased gradually;the larger the spade spacing,the greater the width of soil lateral disturbance.The size of the shovel spacing has a significant impact on the effect of soil subsoil,and the discrete element method can more accurately simulate the disturbance behavior in the process of soil subsoil;the simulation of the discrete element method is basically consistent with the contour of the soil disturbance obtained from outdoor field experiments.The average errors of the simulated and experimental values of soil bulk and disturbance coefficient at the shovel spacing were 11.2%and 13.5%,respectively.