老年高血压患者认知功能及抑郁状态发生及与衰弱相关影响因素的研究

Influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction and depression in elderly hypertensive patients and their correlation with weakness

目的:分析老年高血压患者认知功能障碍和抑郁发生的影响因素及其与衰弱的相关性。方法:以2019年1月至2020年3月,我院心血管内科收治的老年高血压患者100例为研究对象,根据患者是否发生认知功能障碍分为障碍组(n=32)和非障碍组(n=68),根据患者是否发生抑郁分为抑郁组(n=42)和非抑郁组(n=58)。比较不同认知功能和抑郁状态患者的临床资料和衰弱情况,采用多因素Logistic分析老年高血压患者发生认知功能障碍和抑郁的危险因素,采用Spearman相关性分析对老年高血压患者认知功能和抑郁状态与衰弱的相关性进行分析。结果:经多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄三80岁、耐力下降、多病共存为老年高血压患者发生认知功能障碍的危险因素(OR=12.782、5.496,4.993,P<0.05),耐力下降、疲劳、自由活动下降为老年高血压患者抑郁的危险因素(OR=8.688、5.119、7.294,P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,老年高血压患者认知功能与耐力下降、疲劳、多病共存、体质量下降和自由活动度下降的发生率呈负相关关系(r=-0.267,-0.223,-0.249,-0.138,-0.159,P<0.05),抑郁状态与耐力下降、疲劳、多病共存、体质量下降和自由活动度下降的发生率呈正相关关系(r=0.364、0.381、O.259、0.191,0.164、0.210,P<0.05)。结论:年龄较高、耐力下降、多病共存为老年高血压患者发生认知功能障碍的危险因素,耐力下降、疲劳、自由活动下降为老年高血压患者抑郁的危险因素,同时老年高血压患者认知功能与衰弱的发生率呈负相关关系,抑郁状态与衰弱的发生率呈正相关关系。

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction and depression in elderly hypertensive patients and their correlation with weakness.Methods:From January 2019 to March 2020,100 elderly hypertensive patients admitted to the department of cardiovascular medicine of our hospital were selected as the research objects,they were divided into two groups according to whether the patients suffered from cognitive dysfunction:the disorder group(n=32)the non-disorder group(n=68),and the depression group(n=42)and the non-depression group(n=58)according to whether the patients suffered from depression.The clinical data and weakness of patients with different cognitive functions and depression were compared,multivariate Logistic analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of cognitive dysfunction and depression in elderly hypertensive patients,and Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between cognitive function,depression and weakness in elderly hypertensive patients.Results:Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age80 years old,fatigue,decreased endurance and coexistence of many diseases were independent risk factors of cognitive dysfunction in elderly hypertensive patients(OR=12.782,5.496,4.993,P<0.05),while decreased endurance,fatigue and decreased free movement were independent risk factors of depression in elderly hypertensive patients(OR=8.688,5.119,7.294,P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that cognitive function of elderly hypertensive patients was negatively correlated with the incidence of endurance decline,fatigue,coexistence of multiple diseases,weight loss and decreased freedom of movement(r=-0.267,-0.223,-0.249,-0.138,-0.159,P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that depression was positively correlated with the incidence of decreased endurance,fatigue,coexistence of many diseases,weight loss and decreased freedom of movement(r=0.364,0.381,0.259,0.191,0.164,0.210,P<0.05).Conclusions:Older age,decreased endurance and coexistence of many diseases are independent risk factors for cognitive dysfunction in elderly hypertensive patients,while decreased endurance,fatigue and decreased free movement are independent risk factors for depression in elderly hypertensive patients.Meanwhile,there is a negative correlation between cognitive function and the incidence of asthenia in elderly hypertensive patients,and a positive correlation between depression and the incidence of asthenia.