颈动脉内膜损伤模型的改良与评价

Improvement and evaluation of carotid intimal injury model

目的:探讨改良自制锡头导丝抽拉SD大鼠颈总动脉建立颈动脉内膜损伤动物模型的可行性,从而为颈动脉粥样硬化病理机制的实验研究提供可靠的实验动物模型。方法:将SD大鼠56只,随机分为假手术组(n=28)和模型组(n=28),模型组利用锡头导丝抽拉损伤SD大鼠颈总动脉内膜;假手术组除不施行颈总动脉内膜损伤外,其余处理与模型组一致。术后7、14、28 d取两组大鼠颈总动脉,行HE染色观察血管组织形态学变化,测量新生内膜厚度,计算新生内膜/中膜厚度比、新生内膜/中膜面积比,并采用SM-MHC免疫组织化学染色评价改良颈动脉内膜损伤模型的效果。结果:模型组术后第7天可见新生内膜,第14天、28天可见内膜快速增生致管腔狭窄。模型各组与假手术组相比以及模型组内相比在新生内膜厚度、新生内膜/中膜厚度比、新生内膜/中膜面积比等,均差异有统计学意义;SM-MHC-FITC标记免疫荧光染色提示新生内膜主要为平滑肌细胞。结论:改良锡头导丝建立颈动脉内膜损伤模型高效可靠,可以满足动脉粥样硬化机制研究的需要。

Objective:To explore the feasibility of establishing an animal model of carotid intima injury by drawing the common carotid artery of SD rats with improved tin head guide wire,so as to provide a reliable experimental animal model for the experimental study of the pathological mechanism of carotid atherosclerosis.Methods:56 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(n=28)and model group(n=28).In model group,the intima of common carotid artery of SD rats was damaged by drawing tin head guide wire;the other treatments of sham operation group were the same as those of model group except that common carotid artery intima was not injured.On the 7th,14th and 28th days after operation,the carotid arteries of the two groups were taken for HE staining to observe the morphological changes of the vessels at different time points after injury.The thickness of neointima was measured,the ratio of neointima/media thickness and the ratio of neointima/media area were calculated.Results:In the model group,neointima could be seen on the 7th day after operation,and the lumen stenosis was caused by rapid hyperplasia of intima on the 14th and 28th days.There were significant differences in the thickness of neointima,the ratio of neointima/media thickness and the ratio of neointima/media area between the model group and the sham operation group.Sm-mhc-fitc immunofluorescence staining showed that the neointima was mainly smooth muscle cells.Conclusions:It is effective and reliable to establish carotid intimal injury model with improved tin head guide wire,which can meet the needs of atherosclerosis mechanism research.