旋转空化器中减速板作用的数值仿真研究

Numerical Simulation of Wedge-shape Blade Rotating Cavitator

旋转空化器是通过在水中高速转动的叶片产生可控超空泡的装置,以此来实现超空泡的利用。前人对于超空泡的研究表明,产生超空泡所需的转速比较大。本文将减速板加入到旋转空化器中,并采用数值仿真的方法,对减速板的工作特性进行分析。研究结果表明,带减速板的旋转空化器产生超空泡的转速得到很明显的降低,产生超空泡的尺寸也明显增大。而减速板对超空泡形态的影响比较有限,超空泡形状特征与没有减速板时形成的超空泡一致,只是超空泡会稍微朝远离减速板方向产生偏移。带减速板的旋转空化器形成的超空泡体积随转速同样呈指数增长,但体积相比没有减速板的旋转空化器要更大。通过本文的研究,明确了减速板在旋转空化器中的作用,对旋转超空泡的产生与应用具有重要的指导意义。

Rotating cavitator is an equipment to create controllable supercavitation by a high speed rotating blade in water,so that to make use of the supercavitation.Previous studies of rotating supercavitation indicate that a high rotating speed of the blade is needed to form a supercavitation.In this paper,a damping plate is introduced in the rotation cavitator and numerical simulation is emploned to analyse the operating characteristic of the damping plate.The results show that the rotating speed of the blade is significantly reduced with a damping plate to produce a supercavitation,and the size of the supercavitation is also significantly increased.However,the influence of the damping plate on the shape of the supercavitation is relatively limited.The shape characteristics of the supercavitation are consistent with the supercavitation formed when there is no damping plate,except that the supercavitation slightly deviates away from the damping plate.The volume of the supercavitation formed by the rotating cavitator with the damping plate also increases exponentially with the rotation speed,but the volume is larger than that of the rotating cavitator without the damping plate.Through the research in this paper,the role of the damping plate in the rotating cavitator is clarified,which has important guiding significance for the generation and application of the rotating supercavitation.