雅斯贝尔斯对德国战争罪责的认识——以《德国的战争罪责问题》为中心的研究

Karl Jaspers’Reflection on German Guilt--A Study Basedon The Question of German Guilt

在第二次世界大战结束第二年的1946年,雅斯贝尔斯出版了他的政治学论著《德国的战争罪责问题》,对纳粹德国所犯下的罪行进行了全面清理。他认为,公开地讨论罪责的问题,并且从内心之中承认罪责,是保持德国人的灵魂不沦为卑贱的唯一道路。通过对这部具有划时代意义的著作进行系统分析,并对诸如流亡在外者与内心流亡者的“净化之路”之重建,以及“极端的恶”抑或“平庸的恶”等问题提出了一些看法。

In 1946,only one year after the Second World War,Karl Jaspers published his political work The Question of German Guilt,dind gave an overall reflection on the crimes committed by the Nazi Germany.He held that the only way to prevent the German soul from degenerating into desolation was to publicly discuss German guilt in the war and heartily confess it.This paper thoroughly analyses this epoch-making book and accordingly puts forward some views concerning such issues as territorial and inner exiles,the rebuilding of the road to purification,radical evil and the banality of evil etc.