从十万卷楼抄本《章学诚全集·士习》看《文史通义·感遇》的文本写定

A Research on Shi Xi,A Lost Essay Catalogued in The General Survey of Literature and History

嘉业堂刻《章氏遗书》本《文史通义》标注有目无文的《士习》一篇,其实并未逸失。《士习》篇最早由周作人从十万卷楼抄本《实斋全集》中发现,并刊布在《国立华北编译馆馆刊》1943年第2卷第5期的开卷第一篇。由于时值日本侵华,且《馆刊》流通不广,这一发现并未引起学界的注意。十万卷楼抄本《实斋全集》今藏国家图书馆,经查阅,《士习》篇确实保存在第5册之中。《士习》并非如周作人跋语所说是《文史通义》内篇《知难》的初稿,而是《感遇》篇的初稿。通过《感遇》与《士习》16则歧异文句的文本比勘,可微观考察章学诚对著述删润写定的不同形式,并进而体察章氏学术思想与行止心境的变迁。

Shi Xi,a lost essay catalogued in The General Survey of Literature and History in Collection of Zhang’s Writings printed by Jia Ye Tang was not lost.It was actually included in The Complete Works of Shi Zhai printed by the House of One Hundred Thousand Books.This essay,first discovered by Zhou Zuoren in the above codex in 1942,was published on the first page in the 2nd volume of Journal of National Compilation and Translation Hall of North China in 1943.However,it was not widely appreciated because of the Japanese invasion,and the discovery did not attract the attention of the academic circle at that time.Now The Complete Works of Shi Zhai by the House of One Hundred Thousand Books is stored in the National Library of China,and Shi Xi is in the fifth volume.Nevertheless,Shi Xi is not the first draft of“Zhi Nan”,the internal chapter of The General Survey of Literature and History,as Zhou Zuoren’s epilogue said,but the first draft of Gan Yu.A comparative textual study of 16 ambiguous sentences in Shi Xi and Gan Yu assumes that Zhang Xuecheng adopted different ways to revise his works with deletion and polish.Moreover,the study also reveals the changes in Zhang’s academic thoughts and his state of mind.