妊娠期妇女及其家属关于妊娠糖尿病认知的现况调查与分析

A Survey and Analysis of the Current Situation of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Pregnant Women and Their Families

目的:结合妊娠期妇女及其家属对妊娠糖尿病的认知状况,探讨一套有效可行的健康管理方案,为妊娠期糖尿病患者提供有证可循的、系统的干预依据.方法:自行设计调查问卷,调查符合纳排标准的127例妊娠糖尿病患者及100例血糖正常孕妇,比较两组孕妇及其家属对妊娠糖尿病的认知及需求状况.结果:GDM患者中头胎孕妇所占比例明显高于二胎孕妇,而且高龄孕妇仅占14.7%;GDM患者与正常孕妇对孕期常识及GDM相关知识的认知程度普遍较低.结论:科学有效的干预应在孕前普及性开展,基于“母婴三环节”的保健干预方案包括:孕前预防性干预、孕期干预、产后母婴保健.

Objective:To explore a set of effective and feasible health management programs to provide evidencebased and systematic interventions for gestational diabetes mellitus patients,taking into account the knowledge of ges⁃tational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women and their families.Methods:We designed our own questionnaire and surveyed 127 gestational diabetes mellitus patients who met the criteria of nadir and 100 pregnant women with normal blood glucose,and compared the knowledge and needs of gestational diabetes mellitus between the two groups and their families.Results:The proportion of first-born pregnant women with GDM was significantly higher than that of second-born pregnant women,and only 14.7%of older pregnant women had GDM;the awareness of GDM patients and normal pregnant women about general knowledge of pregnancy and GDM was generally low.Conclusion:Scientif⁃ic and effective interventions should be carried out universally before pregnancy,and the health care intervention program based on the“mother-infant triad”includes:preconception preventive intervention,pregnancy intervention,and postpartum maternal and infant health care.