乳腺癌代谢重编程与微环境重塑的研究进展

Research progress of breast cancer metabolic reprogramming and microen⁃vironment remodeling

近年来,诸多报道表明致癌信号通路与代谢活动间存在密切联系,因此,研究者们开始认识到代谢重编程在肿瘤中的重要性。在肿瘤发生发展的过程中,乳腺肿瘤细胞经历代谢重编程,包括增强的糖酵解、三羧酸循环、谷氨酰胺分解和脂肪酸生物合成过程,然而不同亚型之间的代谢重编程会有所差异。此外,乳腺肿瘤细胞的代谢改变重塑了肿瘤的微环境,例如促进了肿瘤的血管形成和抑制机体的免疫防御机制,进而加速了肿瘤的进展。对当前乳腺癌代谢重编程以及微环境重塑的研究进展进行综述,能够为开发各乳腺癌亚型的代谢靶向药物提供一定理论依据。

As numerous connections between oncogenic signalling pathways and metabolic activities emerge,the importance of metabolic reprogramming in cancer is being increasingly recognized.During tumorigenesis,breast cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming,which generally includes enhanced glycolysis,tricarboxylic acid cycle activity,glutaminolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis.The extension and functional importance of these metabolic alterations may diverge according to breast cancer subtypes.Besides,aberrant metabolism of breast cancer cells remodels tumor microenvironment,promoting cancer vascularization and inhibiting anti-tumor immu⁃nity,and thus accelerates tumor progression.This review addresses current knowledge on the metabolic repro⁃gramming and breast cancer microenvironment,which provides some reference for the development of metabolic target drugs for each breast cancer subtype.