国土空间规划的立法统合及其表达

Legislative Integration and Expression of Territorial Space Planning

研究目的:通过梳理国土空间规划立法的不同类型,比较和分析适合中国现阶段发展需要和制度基础的国土空间规划立法统合模式,为研究制定国土空间开发保护的总体性法律探索可行进路。研究方法:规范分析法、文献分析法。研究结果:国土空间规划的体系化、法治化和制度化离不开立法统合,但是现行国土空间规划分散立法模式存在现实局限性,无法回应“国土空间开发保护总体性法律”这一根本要求。结合中国国土空间规划发展的阶段性和既有立法的制度基础,适度法典化是目前国土空间规划立法统合更为合适的路径选择。研究结论:(1)在制度特征上,寻求开放性与封闭性、稳定性与回应性、调适性与渐进性的适度均衡;(2)在立法形式上,初期阶段通过制定《国土空间规划法》凝练共识规则和一般原则,在法典化时升级为《国土空间规划基本法》;(3)在体系衔接上,合理衔接与宪法以及其他部门法之间的关系,形成科学的体系划分。

The purpose of this paper is to compare and analyze the legislative integration modes by combing the different types of legislative integration of territorial space planning,so as to explore an approach for the general law of territorial space planning.The research methods include normative analysis and literature review.The result shows that the systematization,legalization and institutionalization of territorial space planning cannot be separated from the integration of legislation.But the current decentralized legislation of territorial space planning shows certain limitations,which cannot respond to the fundamental requirement of the general law of territorial space planning.Considering the stage of the development of territorial space planning and the institutional basis of legislation,appropriate codification is a more appropriate choice.The conclusions are as follows:(1)in terms of institutional characteristics,a set of appropriate balances between openness and closeness,stability and responsiveness,adaptability and gradualness are expected to be achieved;(2)in terms of legislative form,the consensus rules and general principles can be fulfilled during the formulation of territorial spatial planning law in the early stage,and the territorial space planning basic law can be enacted in the codification stage;(3)in terms of system convergence,the relationship between the Constitution and other departmental laws is expected to be linked up appropriately to form a scientific system division.