农民参与、程序公平与征地满意度——基于2019年“千人百村”调查的实证分析

Farmers’Participation,Procedural Justice and Satisfaction Degree of Land Acquisition:An Empirical Study Based on the“Thousand Students,Hundred Villages”Survey in 2019

研究目的:以公众参与理论和程序公平理论为基础,基于中国人民大学2019年“千人百村”调查数据,实证分析征地补偿、征地程序以及征地用途等对农户征地满意度的影响。研究方法:问卷调查法和多元Logit模型。研究结果:(1)保障农户知情权和参与权(特别是政府就补偿安置办法与农户进行协商),能够显著提升农户征地满意度;(2)在政府就补偿安置办法与农户进行协商的前提下,征地补偿水平越高,农户征地满意度才越会显著提升;(3)非公益性农地征收比公益性农地征收更需要政府与农户协商,缺乏协商的条件下,非公益性征地补偿水平增加不会提升农户征地满意度。研究结论:事先知情和事中协商是被征地农户参与征地的重要环节,是确保征地程序公平的重要途径,也是提升农户征地满意度的关键因素。因此,建议在确保农户参与和程序公平的前提下提高征地补偿水平,尤其是对非公益性征地。

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of compensation,procedures and different goals of land acquisition on farmers’satisfaction with land acquisition based on the public participation theory and procedural justice theory by using the data of“Thousand Students,Hundred Villages”survey conducted by Renmin University of China in 2019.The results show that:(1)the protection of the right to know and participate can significantly improve farmers’satisfaction with land acquisition;(2)on the premise that the government negotiates with farmers on compensation and resettlement schemes,the higher the level of compensation for land acquisition,the higher the farmers’satisfaction degree;(3)negotiation between the government and farmers is required to a larger extent for non-public interest land aquisition compared with those for public interest purposes,while the increase of compensation level would not lead to higher satisfaction of farmers when land is acquired for commercial purposes without negotiation.In conclusion,both prior informed procedure and negotiation procedure are important for farmers to participate in land acquisition to ensure the procedural justice and improve farmers’satisfaction with land acquisition.Therefore,it is suggested that the compensation level of land acquisition should be improved on the premise of ensuring farmers’participation and procedural justice,especially for non-public interest land acquisition.