重庆市某三甲医院放射工作人员个人剂量监测分析

Individual Dosage Monitoring Results in Medical Radiation Workersin A Third-class Hospital in Chongqing

目的了解重庆市某三甲医院放射工作人员外照射个人剂量情况,发现放射防护管理的薄弱环节,以提高职业健康监管水平。方法以委托疾病预防控制中心采取热释光剂量方法进行个人剂量水平监测的放射工作人员为研究对象,剂量当量采用中位数(M)、四分位间距(P25和P75)表示,组间比较采用非参数检验。结果该院共计249名在岗人员,平均年龄(37.65±8.76)岁,平均工龄(9.55±8.131)年,从事X射线影像诊断和介入放射学的人员分别占38.15%和32.93%。集体年有效剂量为210.49 mSv,年均有效剂量为0.85 mSv/a,年龄≥55岁、工龄≥20年和从事核医学的工作人员年均有效剂量分别为1.05、1.02和1.07 mSv/a。年有效剂量的中位数为0.89 mSv/a,年龄≥55岁年有效剂量的中位数为1.03 mSv/a,从工作类别看,核医学年有效剂量的中位数最高为1.10 mSv/a。年有效剂量在<1 mSv/a、1~mSv/a和≥2 mSv/a者分别占69.48%、29.72%、0.80%。各年龄、工龄及工种(X射线影像诊断、放射治疗、核医学、介入放射学、器械维修)分组间的年有效剂量差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论所有放射工作人员年有效剂量未超过管理目标值5 mSv/年,且处于较低水平。核医学、年龄较大、工龄较长的放射工作人员应当是职业健康监护的重点。

Objective To understand the level and distribution of personal dose of radiation workers in a third-class hospital in Chongqing,find out the weakness of radiation protection and improve the level of occupation health supervision.Methods The research object is the radiation workers to monitor personal dose by thermoluminescence method which commissioned by CDC.The dose equivalent was expressed by median(M)and interquartile distance(P25 and P75).The comparison between groups was made by non parametric test.Results A total of 249 radiation workers were monitored in the hospital,the average age was(37.65±8.76)years old,and the average working age was(9.55±8.131)years.More than one third of them were engaged in X-ray imaging diagnosis and interventional radiology respectively.The collective annual effective dose was 210.49 mSv,the average annual effective dose was 0.85 mSv/a,the average annual effective dose of the staff aged≥55 years,working age≥20 years and engaged in nuclear medicine were 1.05 mSv/a,1.02 mSv/a and 1.07 mSv/a,respectively.The median of annual effective dose was 0.89 mSv/a,The median annual effective dose was 0.89 mSv/a and 1.03 mSv/a when the age was over 55 years old.From the perspective of work category,the highest median annual effective dose was 1.10 mSv/a.The annual effective dose was below 1 mSv,1~2 mSv,2 mSv and above accounted for 69.48%,29.72%and 0.80%respectively.The difference of annual effective dose among age,working age and working type(X-ray imaging diagnosis,radiotherapy,nuclear medicine,interventional radiology,instrument maintenance)was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the average annual effective dose among different ages,working years and types of work(P all<0.05).Conclusion The annual effective dose of all radiation workers did not exceed the management target value of 5 mSv per years,and was at a low level.The focus of occupational health surveillance is the radiological worker of nuclear medicine,older and long length of service.