氯化铵对全株玉米青贮营养价值和发酵品质的影响

Effects of Ammonium Chloride on Nutritional Value and Fermentation Quality of Whole⁃Plant Corn Silage

本试验旨在研究氯化铵对全株玉米青贮营养价值和发酵品质的影响。全株玉米青贮时,氯化铵的添加量分别为0(对照)、3、6和9 g/kg(鲜重基础),分别于发酵45和90 d时取样(n=4),测定其营养成分含量和发酵参数。结果显示:随氯化铵添加量的增加,中性洗涤纤维、粗灰分和粗脂肪含量显著线性降低(P<0.05),粗蛋白质含量显著线性增加(P<0.05),发酵45 d时有机酸和水溶性碳水化合物含量显著线性增加(P<0.05),发酵90 d时总可消化养分含量显著线性增加(P<0.05)。随氯化铵添加量的增加,发酵45 d时pH和乳酸含量分别显著线性降低和线性增加(P<0.05)。氯化铵添加量和发酵时间对pH存在显著的交互作用(P<0.05),随发酵时间的延长,对照组的pH显著降低(P<0.05),而3个氯化铵添加组的pH显著增加(P<0.05)。采用隶属函数法综合各项指标进行评价,随氯化铵添加量的增加,发酵45和90 d的全株玉米青贮的综合营养价值均不断提高,氯化铵的推荐添加量为9 g/kg(鲜重基础)。

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of ammonium chloride(NH4 Cl)on nutrition⁃al value and fermentation quality of whole⁃plant corn silage.The addition amounts of NH4 Cl in silage of whole⁃plant corn were 0(control),3,6 and 9 g/kg(fresh weight basis),respectively.Whole⁃plant corn silage samples(n=4)were sampled after 45 and 90 days of ensiling,respectively,to measure the nutrient contents and fermentation parameters.The results showed as follows:increasing the addition amount of NH4 Cl linearly decreased the neutral detergent fiber(NDF),ash and ether extract(EE)contents(P<0.05),linearly in⁃creased the crude protein(CP)content(P<0.05),linearly increased the organic acid and water soluble carbo⁃hydrate(WSC)contents after 45 days of ensiling(P<0.05),and linearly increased total digestible nutrient(TDN)content after 90 days of ensiling(P<0.05).Increasing the addition amount of NH4 Cl linearly de⁃creased the pH and linearly increased the organic acid content after 45 days of ensiling(P<0.05).There was an interaction effect between addition amount of NH4 Cl and fermentation time on pH(P<0.05),with the in⁃crease of fermentation time,the pH significantly decreased in control group and significantly increased in three NH4 Cl addition groups(P<0.05).In conclusion,the comprehensive nutritional value of whole⁃plant corn si⁃lage after either 45 or 90 days of ensiling is elevated with the increase of addition amount of NH4 Cl,and the recommend addition amount of NH4 Cl is 9 g/kg(fresh weight basis).