及物、作格模式下杜甫《春夜喜雨》之生态话语分析

Ecological Discourse Analysis on Dufu’s Happy Rain on a Spring Night from the Perspectives of Transitive and Ergative Models

基于系统功能语言学及物性理论,采用及物和作格两个分析模式,探讨中国古代诗歌《春雨喜雨》及其英译的生态属性。通过对原诗及其译文表层语义中小句参与者与动作过程进行生态解读发现:原诗前四句与后四句在表层语义上动静结合,交替出现物理性场所施事、社会性场所施事、人外生命体施事、群体施事及个人施事。这些参与者角色地位平等,在深层语义上体现了人与非人生命体及所属场所的和谐交融;此外,非作格小句的反复出现,也凸显了各类非人元素动作的自发性,反映出其在深层语义上的主体地位。因此,该诗及其译文都传递了积极正面的生态意义,属于生态保护型语篇。

Based on transitivity theory of Systemic-Functional Linguistics, the author studies the ecological value in Chinese traditional poems Happy Rain on a Spring Night and its English versions, from the perspectives of transitive and ergative models.Ecologically analyzing participants and processes in the surface semantics, the author finds that the first four sentences and the last four sentences of the original poem combine statically and dynamically, different agents involving agent-individual, agent-group,agent-physical place, agent-social place and agent-nonhuman organism are depicted in the poem, which indicate the harmonious relationship between human beings and attached place. Repetitive emergence of non-ergative clauses indicates the poet’s focus on nonhuman participants and the self-engendered actualization of processes. Therefore Happy Rain on a Spring Night and its two English versions implicate positive ecological value and are eco-beneficial discourses.