4种微生物菌剂对多年连作甜瓜土壤真菌群落的影响

Effects of four microbial agents on soil fungal community in continuous cropping melon based on diversity sequencing

为了探究微生物菌剂对土壤真菌群落及成员的影响,利用4种微生物菌剂(A.谷乐丰聚谷氨酸微生物菌剂,B.启高系列生物菌剂,C.施特葆系列菌剂,D.新型菌剂NBmelon)对土壤进行处理,样品经DNA抽提、PCR扩增和真菌ITS测序,进行分析制图。结果显示,处理B和A的Shannon指数、Simpson指数高于CK,处理D、C的Simpson指数高于CK,表明菌剂处理后,土壤真菌群落均匀度得到提高,真菌多样性优于CK。优势种群相对丰度在不同处理间存在差异,处理A、B、D与CK相比分布在不同象限,且图中距离较远,表明菌剂处理后土壤样品的物种构成发生了变化。处理D(新型菌剂NBmelon)具有降低镰刀菌属相对丰度的效果,能减少镰刀菌属群落数量,可供后续开发利用。因此,施用微生物菌剂具有改变土壤真菌群落结构、提高土壤真菌多样性、降低有害菌镰刀菌属相对丰度、改良土壤的作用。

In order to explore the effects of microbial agents on soil fungal community and its members.Four kinds of microbial agents(A.GuLeFeng polyglutamic acid microbial agent,B.QiGao series of microbial agents,C.SuTiBu series of microbial agents,D.New microbial agent NBmelon)were used to treat the soil,and clear water was used as CK.Soil samples were extracted by DNA,amplified by PCR,and sequenced by ITS.Alpha diversity,community composition,PCA and other basic fungal diversity were analyzed and mapped.The results showed thatthe Shannon index and Simpson index of treatment B and A were higher than CK,and the Simpson index of treatment D and C were higher than CK,which indicated that the uniformity of soil fungal community was improved and the fungal diversity was better than CK.The relative abundance of dominant population was different among different treatments.Treatment A,B and D were distributed in different quadrants compared with the control,and the distance in the figure was far,indicating that the species composition of soil samples changed after the treatment.Treatment D(a new fungicide NBmellon)had the good antagonistic effect on reducing the abundance of Fusarium species,which could reduce the number of Fusarium community,and could be used for further development.Therefore,the application of microbial agents can change the community structure of soil fungi,improve the diversity of soil fungi,reduce the abundance of Fusarium species,and improve the soil.