瓜列当对新疆甜瓜的危害及化学防治初探

Investigation of harms of Orobanche aegyptiaca to melon in Xinjiang and the chemical control methods

调查瓜列当对新疆甜瓜的危害,探索瓜列当化学防控方法,为瓜列当防治措施制定及实施提供技术支撑。以新疆伽师县4个甜瓜主产乡镇为代表,调查瓜列当对甜瓜的危害程度及规律。结合新疆甜瓜栽培模式,进行2种除草剂各2种浓度对瓜列当的防治试验。调查的4个乡镇瓜列当都有不同程度的发生。甜瓜播种后50 d直到收获,都有瓜列当寄生危害。75%磺酰磺隆和甲基咪草烟都可用于对甜瓜列当的防治,磺酰磺隆效果优于甲基咪草烟。结合浇水冲施37.5 g a.i.·hm-275%磺酰磺隆,是最有效的新疆甜瓜瓜列当化学防治的施用方式和浓度。

The study explored harms of Orobanche aegyptiaca to melon(Cucumis melo L.)planted in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China and their chemical control methods.The research aims to provide technical supports for formulation and implementation of control methods against O.aegyptiaca.Four main melon producing townships in Jiashi county,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region were taken as representative areas to elucidate the extent and trend of harm caused by O.aegyptiaca to melon.In combination with cultivation patterns of melon therein,experiments were conducted to control O.aegyptiaca using two types of herbicides,separately,at two concentrations.Harms of O.aegyptiaca at different extents were found in all of the four main melon producing townships.Harms of O.aegyptiaca parasitism were seen throughout the growth of melon,a period of more than 50 days from planting to harvest.It was found that 75%sulfosulfuron and imazapic both can be applied to control O.aegyptiaca for melon and sulfosulfuron outperforms imazapic in terms of the control effect.Applying 37.5 g of 75%sulfosulfuron per hectare each time in irrigation water is proven as an effective chemical control method and effective concentration for protecting melon from O.aegyptiaca parasitism in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region.