一台原油加热炉火管烧损事故原因分析

Analysis on the Cause of a Fire Tube Burning Accident in a Crude Oil Heating Furnace

通过对事故现场的勘察以及对装置缺陷检验与火管材质成分、性能分析,阐述了原油加热炉火管烧损事故发生的起因。分析认为,由于火管金属局部超温引起的,局部超温能够导致金属过烧甚至产生组织相变,能够导致材料力学性能大大降低,当由于局部膨胀所形成的拘束应力、热应力、结构应力与介质压力产生的薄膜应力相叠加所形成的峰值应力高于由于高温而降低的材料的屈服极限时,就会产生塑性变形从而形成缺陷,最终导致事故发生。

Based on the investigation of the accident site,the defect inspection of the device and the analysis of the material,composition and performance of the fire pipe,the causes of the fire pipe burning accident of the crude oil heating furnace are expounded.The analysis shows that the local overtemperature of the fire tube metal can lead to the over burning of the metal and even the phase transformation of the structure,which can greatly reduce the mechanical properties of the material.When the binding stress,thermal stress,structural stress caused by the local expansion are superposed with the membrane stress produced by the medium pressure,the peak stress is higher than the yield of the material caused by the high temperature When the service limit is reached,plastic deformation will occur and defects will be formed,which will eventually lead to accidents.