国际碳交易机制复杂化及中国应对

Regime Complex for International Carbon Trading and China’s Role

目前,国际碳交易机制网络群体呈现复杂化态势,碳交易机制复合体、碳交易机制集群与碳交易机制联结相互渗透,同时其内部也进行着良性协同、建设性合作与功能性竞争的有序互动。在无政府状态、利益认知差异以及全球气候治理体系转型等普遍性因素影响下,国际碳交易机制复杂化的成因有着自身的特殊性,是其发展进程中的必然产物。另外,国际碳交易机制间的互动具有双重效应,其协同合作将会带来经济发展与气候保护的双赢结果,而如果互相掣肘则会增加碳交易成本甚至造成负减排。因此,中国在复杂化的国际碳交易机制中推进新型碳外交并实现碳中和目标,既需要充分发挥自身团结国际力量的优势以及国内和国际双循环新发展格局的核心作用,促进碳交易机制间的协同与衔接,又要积极践行《巴黎协定》关于碳交易机制整合的倡议,与各国及相关国际组织共同将碳交易机制整合的规范推广到整个国际社会以及其他议题的全球治理之中。

The international institutions on carbon trading are growing in density.The complexes,clusters,and linkages of international carbon trading are intertwined,while coordinating,cooperating,and competing with each other.Regime complex for international carbon trading mechanism is caused by the institutions’own particularity as well as universal factors such as anarchy,differences in perceptions,and the transformation of the global climate governance regime.Interaction between international carbon trading regimes are a double-edged sword.Benign coordination will bring about a win-win result for economic development and climate protection,while vicious competition will increase the costs for carbon trading and even result in negative emission reduction.Therefore,in order to build a new type of carbon diplomacy and achieve carbon neutrality in the complex international carbon trading regimes,China should give full play to its international influence and the pivotal role of the domestic and international dual circulation,and promote the coordination and connection between carbon trading regimes.China should also actively implement the initiative on the integration of carbon trading regimes outlined in the Paris Agreement,and work with other countries and international organizations to promote the integration of carbon trading regimes to the entire international community and global governance of other issues.