中国银莲花属新分类

A new classification of Anemone(Ranunculaceae)of China

该文对中国毛茛科银莲花属(Anemone L.)进行了分类学研究,共收载86种,可将这些种划分为10组:其中5组,即草玉梅组、西南银莲花组、钝裂银莲花组、短柱银莲花组和直果银莲花组均是该属具中等演化水平的分类群;另外5组,即银莲花组、鹅掌草组、卵叶银莲花组、二岐银莲花组和打破碗花花组则均是具高度演化水平的分类群。在这10组中,钝裂银莲花组与银莲花组有相近的亲缘关系,短柱银莲花组与鹅掌草组有相近的亲缘关系,而其余6组之间的亲缘关系情况,目前尚未了解。该文写出了区别所有属下分类群的检索表、所有分类群的文献引证和地理分布,并对每一种均指出了研究的重要标本,对多数种均提供插图。描述了2新组(短柱银莲花组和直果银莲花组)、4新系(鹅掌草组的鹤峰银莲花系和加查银莲花系,以及直果银莲花组的兴义银莲花系和直果银莲花系)、13新种(九龙银莲花、柏枝山银莲花、狭萼银莲花、道孚银莲花、泸定银莲花、波密银莲花、嘎隆拉山银莲花、三小叶银莲花、折多山银莲花、宝兴银莲花、贡嘎银莲花、福贡银莲花和盘蕊银莲花)、1新亚种(长柄钝裂银莲花)以及4新变种(紫萼折多山银莲花、矮展毛银莲花、疏毛川西银莲花和泸水银莲花)。此外,还将变种条叶银莲花提升为种级分类群;将涪陵银莲花降级作为川西银莲花的一个变种;由于Anemone rupestris Hook.f.&Thoms.为一不合法的晚出异物同名,遂拟出一新名(Anemone neorupestris W.T.Wang);小花草玉梅在过去多年间被处理为草玉梅的一个变种,在该文中其原来种级群的地位得到恢复;1939年,H.Handel-Mazzetti将变种云南银莲花归并于展毛银莲花,将稀果银莲花归并于滇川银莲花,对此二归并,该文赞同并采用。

A taxonomic study of the genus Anemone(Ranunculaceae)of China has been conducted.Eighty-six species are recognized and classified into ten sections.Of them,five sections,Rivularidium,Anemonanthea,Himalayicae,Brachycladus and Pleurocarpus,are groups with medium-evolutionary level,and the another five sections,Omalocarpus,Stolonifera,Begoniifolia,Anemonidium and Anemone,are groups with high-evolutionary level.In these ten sections,Sect.Himalayicae is closely related to Sect.Omalocarpus,Sect.Brachycladus is closely related to Sect.Stolonifera,and the relationships among the other six sections are not yet clear now.A key to sections,series,species and infraspecific taxa,and literature citations and geographic distributions for all taxa are presented.Records of important specimens studied for each species and illustrations for most species are provided.Two sections(Sects.Brachycladus and Pleurocarpus),four series(Ser.Hofengenses and Ser.Jiachaenses under Sect.Stolonifera and Ser.Xingyienses and Ser.Orthocarpae under Sect.Pleurocarpus),thirteen species(A.jiulongensis,A.baizhishanica,A.stenosepala,A.daofuensis,A.ludingensis,A.bomiensis,A.galonglashanica,A.trifoliolata,A.zheduoshanica,A.baoxingensis,A.gonggaensis,A.fugongensis and A.discoideogyna),one subspecies(A.obtusiloba ssp.dolichopoda),and four varieties(A.zheduoshanica var.atropurpurea,A.prattii var.sparsipilifera,A.fugongensis var.lushuiensis and A.demissa var.humilis)are described as new.Besides,A.obtusiloba ssp.trullifolia var.linearis Bruhl is elevated to specific rank;A.fulingensis is relegated to a variety under A.prattii;due to that A.rupestris Hook.f.&Thoms.is an illegitimate later homonym,its specific epithet‘rupestris’is changed as‘neorupestris’in this paper;A.barbulata,long relegated to a variety unde r A.rivularis,is restored to its previous specific rank;and the reduction of A.demissa var.yunnanensis Franch.to var.demissa,and the reduction of A.oligocarpa Pei to A.delavayi Franch,by H.Handel-Mazzetti in 1939 are accepted in this paper.