高等教育第三方评估公信力提升:挑战、国际经验及中国进路

The Credibility Enhance of Third-party Evaluation in Higher Education:Challenges,International Experience and China’s Approach

经过30年的本土实践探索和国际经验借鉴,我国高等教育第三方评估工作取得了较大进展,但随着高等教育第三方评估运用的日益广泛,公信力问题成为制约其进一步发展的瓶颈。我国高等教育第三方评估面临着独立性有待进一步改善、专业性有待进一步加强、权威性有待进一步提高的现实挑战。英国、美国、澳大利亚、加拿大和新西兰等国实施高等教育第三方评估多年,在提升公信力方面积累了较为成熟的经验,如通过颁布政策法规确立合法地位、重视评估机构的资质审查和人员培训、鼓励多元主体参与评估过程,以及确保评估结果的客观与公正等。借鉴国际经验,我国可通过完善相关法律法规体系、构建元评估制度、重视评估过程的多元主体参与及实施评估结果的动态调整机制,提升高等教育第三方评估的公信力。

After 30 years of local practice exploration and international experience for reference,the third-party evaluation of higher education in China has made great progress.However,with the wide application of the third-party evaluation in higher education,the problem of credibility has become the bottleneck of its further development.The credibility of the third-party evaluation of higher education in China is faced with the practical challenges of further improvement of independence,professionalism and authority.The United Kingdom,the United States,Australia,Canada and New Zealand have implemented the third-party assessment of higher education for many years,and have accumulated more mature experience in improving the credibility,such as to establish its legal status through the promulgation of policies and regulations,to pay attention to the qualification examination and personnel training of evaluation institutions,to encourage multiple subjects to participate in the evaluation process,and to ensure the objectivity and fairness of the evaluation results.Drawing lessons from the relevant international experience,we can construct the meta evaluation system by improving the relevant laws and regulations system,pay attention to the participation of multiple subjects in the evaluation process and implement the dynamic adjustment mechanism of the evaluation results,so as to enhance the credibility of the third-party evaluation of higher education in China.