太行山生物多样性保护优先区域京津冀地区植被多样性与植被制图

Vegetation diversity and mapping in the priority area of Taihang Mountains biodiversity conservation(Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region)

太行山生物多样性保护优先区域京津冀地区地理区位独特,生态系统服务重要,但生态系统相对脆弱,生物多样性和生态系统保护意义重大.本研究在收集整理以往植被研究成果和分析遥感影像的基础上,充分利用无人机、户外智能助手等野外植被调查新技术,采用传统的样方法和样点法对植被进行了全面清查.共调查植物群落样方283个、样点15083个,结果显示,研究区植被有112个自然与半自然群系,分属于5个植被型组共15个植被型;另有农业植被和城市植被2个植被型组,共6个植被型.通过分析样方与样点数据,本文总结了研究区主要群系的物种组成及其空间分布格局,并在此基础上结合随机森林模型的方法编制了1:20万的植被图.植被图统计结果表明,自然、半自然植被共占研究区面积的85.38%,其中灌丛、森林以及农业植被分别占47.55%、34.71%和9.79%.研究结果不仅提供了重要的本底数据,有助于更好地保护该区域的生态系统,还将直接服务于全国1:50万植被图的编制.

The priority area of Taihang Mountains biodiversity conservation(Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region) has a unique geographical location and provides significant ecosystem services. The conservation of vegetation diversity is particularly urgent because of its fragile ecosystem. Based on the reviews of previous studies and remote-sensing analyses, we conducted an investigation into the vegetation using new technologies combined with traditional quadrat and point collection methods. A total of 283 plots and 15,083 sampling points were surveyed. The results showed that there were 112 natural and semi-natural plant alliances within the study area, which could be categorized into 5 vegetation formation groups and 15 vegetation formations. Moreover, artificial vegetation included two vegetation formation groups(agricultural and urban vegetation) and six vegetation formations. This paper also summarized the composition of species and the spatial distribution patterns of major plant formations in the region. On this basis, we generated a1:200,000 vegetation map by random forest model. Statistical analysis for the vegetation maps showed that natural and semi-natural vegetation accounted for 85.38% of the study area, of which shrubs, forests, and agricultural vegetation accounted for 47.55%,34.71%, and 9.79%, respectively. Our research provides valuable data on vegetation which is not only beneficial for drafting ecosystem protection policies in the corresponding area but can also be used for the compilation of 1:500,000 vegetation maps.