基于移动闭塞原理的区间中断下列车多策略优化调度方法

Moving block principle-based multi-strategy optimal scheduling method for trains in case of segment blockages

在高铁日常运营中,地质灾害或设备故障等突发事件导致铁路行车区间中断,长时间的区间中断通常会导致大面积的列车晚点,给旅客出行带来极大的延误,如何在区间中断下对列车进行实时调整是高速铁路调度运行的一项重要课题.本文针对固定时间的区间中断,构建了列车运行速度调整和运行图调整的混合整数非线性规划(mixed integer nonlinear programming,MINLP)模型.在该模型中,除了常见的取消车次和延迟发车调度策略,还将降速运行策略考虑在内,在满足行车安全和车站通行能力的约束条件下,以3种调度策略的加权延误影响最小化为目标.该模型基于列车运动学模型计算列车降速运行带来的延误时间,并通过移动闭塞原理控制列车运行安全间隔.本文建立的模型可由商业优化软件CPLEX直接求解,并保证运行调整方案的实时性.模型还讨论了取消车次、延迟发车和降速运行这3种调度策略对总延误时间的影响,最后以京沪高铁实例进行验证.验证结果表明该模型是合理有效的,通过模型求解能对实际问题给出合理的调度方案并提高列车终到正点率.

During the daily operation of high-speed railways,unexpected events such as geological disasters or equipment failure may lead to railway segment blockages.A long-duration segment blockage usually leads to large-scale train delays,which cause significant inconvenience to passengers.Adjusting train schedules in real time during segment blockages is an important issue for the dispatch and operation of high-speed railways.For a segment blockage of a known time interval,a mixed integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)model for train speed adjustment and train diagram adjustment is constructed.In this model,in addition to the common scheduling strategies involving train cancellation and departure delay,the deceleration strategy is considered.Under the constraints of traffic safety and station capacity,the objective is to minimize the weighted delays of the three strategies.Additionally,the delay time owing to train speed reduction is calculated based on the train kinematic model,and the safe interval of train operation is controlled using the moving block principle.The model established in this paper can be directly simulated using commercial optimization software CPLEX,and the scheduling scheme is guaranteed to be in real time.This paper also discusses the influence of the three adjustment strategies,i.e.,train cancellation,departure delay,and deceleration,on the total delay time.Finally,the model is verified using an example of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway.Results show that the model is reasonable and effective.By implementing the model,a reasonable scheduling scheme can be achieved to address practical problems,and the punctuality rate of trains can be improved.