基于潮汐模拟的印尼近海水深数据合成及评价

Synthesis and Evaluation of Indonesian Seas Bathymetry Data Based on Tidal Simulation

准确合理的地形水深是影响海洋数值模式模拟和预报的关键。印度尼西亚近海岛屿众多,地形复杂,单一来源的水深数据通常存在较大误差。潮汐数值模拟对地形极为敏感,且其计算量与海洋环流模式相比较小。因此,通过将基于不同水深资料得到的潮汐数值模拟结果与观测对比,能够在一定程度上反映所采用水深数据的准确性。利用FVCOM海洋数值模式建立了覆盖印尼近海的潮波数值模式,采用来自于ETOPO1和ETOPO5(美国地球物理中心发布的地形高程数据,分辨率分别为1′和5′)、卡里马塔海峡和巽他海峡海图水深数据,采用不同的合成方法制作了3套覆盖印尼海及其周边海域的融合水深数据,开展了印尼海及其周边海域的潮波模拟。模拟结果显示,在大洋中ETOPO1水深较为准确,在巽他和卡里马塔海峡、纳土纳海、爪哇海,海图水深更加准确,在阿拉弗拉海131°~135°E,以及卡奔塔利亚湾,使用ETOPO1和ETOPO5合成的水深模拟结果最优。基于这一结果,我们构建了覆盖印尼近海(100°~145°E,17°S~7°N)的融合水深数据,可为提高印尼近海海洋数值模拟精度提供帮助。

Accurate bathymetry is key to ocean numerical simulation and prediction.Since the numerical simulation of tide is very sensitive to topography,the accuracy of bathymetry data can be evaluated by comparing the results of tidal numerical simulation based on different bathymetry data with the observational results.In this paper,the FVCOM is used to establish a tidal numerical model covering the coastal waters of Indonesia.Three sets of bathymetry covering the Indonesian Seas and their surrounding waters are synthesized through different methods based on ETOPO1,ETOPO5,and nautical chart,and then used to simulate the tidal waves in the region.The simulation results show that the ETOPO1 is more accurate in open waters,while in the Sunda and the Karimata Strait and the Natuna Sea and Java Sea,the nautical chart is more accurate.The simulations using the ETOPO 1 and ETOPO5 are the best in the Arafura Sea between 131°E and 135°E and in the Gulf of Carpentaria.Therefore,bathymetry covering the Indonesian Seas and their surrounding waters(100°~145°E,17°S~7°N)is reconstructed by synthesizing the ETOPO1,ETOPO5 and nautical chart data.This synthesized bathymetry is expected to be able to improve the simulation skill of the ocean circulation in the region.